针对石油管道铺设于土壤中发生泄漏难以检测的问题，结合光纤振动传感器高灵敏度与FPGA高扫描速度的特点，设计了基于FPGA和光纤振动传感器的石油管道安防系统。首先采用光纤传感器检测故障点振动，再通过计算由振动调制的信号传到两端基站的时间差确定管道泄漏点。系统采用雷达辐射信号分选算法在FPGA中实现信号的筛选，采用授时精度高达15ns的U-blox授时芯片保证不同基站的时间一致，采用“双基站源-双向定位”方式有效平均定位误差。结果表明，系统可对5.5km范围内管道的泄漏事件进行有效报警定位，定位误差在30mm范围内。%According to the fact that it’s hard to detect the oil spill if the pipeline is laid in the soil. Combined with the high sensitivity of fiber-optic vibration sensor and high scanning speed of FPGA,this paper designs the oil pipeline security system based on FPGA and fiber-optic vibration sensor. Firstly, fiber-optic sensor is adopted to detect spill point. Then the oil spill point is determined by calculating the time difference of the vibratory modulation signals be-tween base station at both ends. The system adopts the algorithm of radar radiation signal sorting to filter signal in the FPGA,uses 15ns U-blox timing chips to ensure timing accuracy of different base stations and “source of twin-sta-tion-bi-directional positioning” mode to average location error effectively. The results indicate that the system can ef-fectively alert the position of pipeline spill in 5.5km,and the position error range is in 30mm.
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