目的 分析婴儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜(idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,ITP)的特点.方法 从性别、临床表现、实验室检查、治疗效果等方面对77例ITP患儿进行观察和分析评价.结果婴儿组男性占75%,年长儿组男性占60%; 诱因为疫苗接种:婴儿组占28%,年长儿组占4%;诱因为感染:婴儿组为38%,年长儿组为58%;临床表现:婴儿组多见皮肤出血,出血程度较轻,年长儿组多见黏膜出血,或皮肤和黏膜混合出血,出血程度较重;治疗效果:婴儿组治愈+显效者30/32例(94%),年长儿组36/45例(84%),婴儿组无一例发展为慢性型,年长儿组3例发展为慢性型.结论 与年长儿组比较,婴儿组ITP患儿常见于男性,发病诱因主要为感染和免疫接种,出血程度较轻,疗效反应好,起效快,不易发展为慢性.%Objective To analyze the characteristics of infantile idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).Methods Clinical data of 77 ITP inpatients ( including 32 infants and 45 children older than 1 year of age)were observed.Clinical features, manifestations, laboratory findings and the treatment effect were analyzed and evaluated.Results Male accounted for 75％ and 60％ in infants and older children respectively; 28％ of infants vs.4％ of older children were induced by immunizations; 38％ of infants vs.58％ of older children were induced by infections; skin bleeding or mild hemorrhage were most commonly found in infants, while mucosal bleeding, mixed bleeding of skin and mucous membrane and severe hemorrhage were most commonly found in older children; the cure rate of infants was 30/32 (94％) compared with 36/45 (86％) in older children.None of infants vs.3 of older children developed into chronic ITP.Conclusion Infantile ITP preferentially affects boys.It is mainly induced by infection and immunization.It has mild hemorrhage, favorable therapeutic effect and lower susceptibility to chronic ITP.
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