Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of ESBLs produced by escherichia coli and klebsiellapneumoniae and provide the theory basis on the clinical medication.Methods The bacterial strains delivered from July 2014 to September 2015 in our laboratory were detected. The distribution characteristics and drug resistance of ESBLs was observed.Results The drug sensitivity of ESBLs on Imipenem and Meropenem was high; the drug sensitivity of ESBLs on Cephalosporin and Piperacillin reached up to more than 90%; for 170 bacterial strains,there were 30 trains of ESBLs(17.6%) including 21 strains of escherichia coli(70.0%) and 9 strains of klebsiellapneumoniae(30.0%); the ESBLs isolated from sputum and wound secretion accounted for 60.0% and 13.3%; the ESBLs appeared in the medical department, surgical department and radiotherapy department accounted for 36.7%, 33.3% and 20.0%.Conclusion The ESBLs is generally appeared in the medical department, surgical department and radiotherapy department and isolated from sputum and wound secretion. The drug resistance of ESBLs on Cephalosporin is high. In clinical practice, it is necessary to choose the drugs with higher drug sensitivity.%目的：对大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌产生的ESBLs分布、耐药情况进行研究，为临床准确用药提供依据。方法选取2014年7月～2015年9月期间各科室送实验室进行检验的菌株，对ESBLs菌耐药性以及分布情况进行研究与分析。结果由大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌产生的ESBLs菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南敏感性高，对头孢类抗菌药以及哌拉西林耐药性较高，均在90%以上；170株菌种中有30例检测出ESBLs菌（17.6%）。其中，大肠埃希菌检出21株（70.0%）、肺炎克雷伯菌检出9株（30.0%），同时病菌主要从痰液、伤口分泌物中分离，所占比例分别为60.0%、13.3%，最常出现的科室为内科、外科、放疗科，其所占比例依次为36.7%、33.3%、20.0%。结论 ESBLs菌多出现在内科、外科、放疗科，痰液、伤口分泌物为此菌最常分布所在，此细菌对多数头孢类抗菌药有高耐药性，治疗时选择敏感性高的药物进行治疗。
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