老年性黄斑变性又称为年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD),是50岁以上人群视力丧失的重要原因,世界卫生组织称新生血管性老年性黄斑变性(nAMD)已成为全球失明的主要原因之一.nAMD的特点是视网膜下脉络膜新生血管(CNV)的形成,并导致渗出、出血、视网膜水肿等,严重损害视力.其发病的主要危险因素包括个体因素、环境因素、眼部相关因素和全身因素等.而血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)是nAMD发生发展的重要原因,随着抗VEGF药物在眼部的临床应用,使nAMD患者的视觉质量得到显著改善,抗VEGF药物已成为nAMD的一线治疗方法.本文就nAMD的危险因素及治疗进展进行综述.%Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is referred to as the leading cause of severe vision loss in in-dividuals over the age of 50 years,the World Health Organization(WHO)has reported that neovascular age-related macular degeneration(nAMD)ranks as one of the main causes of global blindness.The characteristic of nAMD is the formation of subretinal choroidal neovascularization(CNV),that leading to exudation, hemorrhage, retinal edema, which may produce serious impairments in visual acuity.The main risk factors include individual factors,environmental factors,eye related fac-tors and systemic factors.Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)is an important cause of the occurrence and develop-ment of nAMD.With the clinical application of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)drugs in the eyes,The visual quality of nAMD patients has been improved significantly, and anti-VEGF drugs have become the first-line treatment for nAMD.This article will review the risk factors and treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
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