Objectives To investigate the correlation between dietary fatty acids intake of pregnant women and neonatal anthropometry at birth. Methods Women in early pregnancy were recruited with appropriate value of weight gain in pregnancy. Instant photography was used to assess the dietary situation in both the second trimester and the third trimester to calculate the intakes of food, energy, macronutrients, and fatty acids. The body weight, height and BMI at birth were evaluated with Z scores. The correlation between dietary fatty acids of pregnant women and neonatal anthropometry at birth were analyzed. Results There were 516 pregnant women recruited in this study. The average intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and the proportion of total fatty acids in the two trimesters were 15 . 09 g/d, 23 . 93% and 17 . 18 g/d, 24 . 86%. In the second trimester the intakes of n-6 and n-3 PUFA were 14 . 23 g/d and 3 . 45 g/d, and in the third trimester, n-6 and n-3 PUFA were 16 . 08 g/d and 3 . 81 g/d, the average intakes in the third trimester were signiifcantly higher than those in the second trimester (P < 0.05).n-6-3PUFA ratio was 4.11 and 4.28 in the second trimester and the third trimester, respectively, without signiifcantdifference between the two trimesters (P > 0 . 05 ). The intake of DHA ( 64 . 43 mg/d) in the second trimester was lower than that in the third trimester 75 . 12 mg/d, (P < 0 . 05 ). The percentage of linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) contribution to energy were 5 . 95%, 1 . 42% and 6 . 20%, 1 . 45% in the second and the third trimesters, respectively. There was no signiifcant difference between the two trimesters (P > 0 . 05 ).The dietary intakes of n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA and n-6-3 ratio in the second trimester were positively correlated with neonatal BMI r=0 . 142~0 . 189 , P < 0.05). But in the third trimester, only n-3PUFA and DHA were positively correlated with birth weight ( r=0.206, 0.193, P < 0 . 05 ); there was no correlation between n-6-3 ratio and neonatal BMI ( r=-0 . 018 , P > 0 . 05 ). Conclusions The dietary ratio of n-6-3 PUFA in the second trimester was positively correlated with neonatal BMI, suggesting that moderately increasing the intake of n-3 PUFA may play a positive role in reducing childhood obesity.%目的：探讨孕期膳食脂肪酸与新生儿出生状况的关系。方法招募早孕妇女，采用即时性图像法调查孕中、晚期膳食状况，计算食物摄入量，以及能量、宏量营养素和脂肪酸摄入量；采集新生儿体质量、身长和BMI等体格生长指标，分析孕期膳食脂肪酸摄入与新生儿体格生长之间的关联。结果在有效纳入的516名孕妇中，孕中期和孕晚期膳食多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）平均摄入量以及占总脂肪酸比例分别为15.09 g/d、23.93%和17.18 g/d、24.7%，其中n-6和n-3 PUFA摄入量在孕中期为14.23g/d和3.45g/d，孕晚期为16.08g/d和3.81g/d，差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。孕中期n-6-3 PUFA比值为4.11，孕晚期4.28，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）摄入量在孕中期为64.43 mg/d，孕晚期75.12 mg/d，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。亚油酸（LA）和α-亚麻酸（ALA）两种必需脂肪酸占能量的百分比在孕中期分别为5.95%和1.42%，孕晚期为6.20%和1.45%，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。孕中期n-3和n-6 PUFA摄入量、n-6-3比值均与新生儿BMI呈正相关（r =0.142~ 0.189，P < 0.05），孕晚期只有n-3 PUFA和DHA摄入量与新生儿出生体质量呈正相关（r =0.206,0.193，P < 0.05），n-6-3比值与新生儿BMI未表现出相关性（r =－0.018，P > 0.05）。结论孕中期膳食n-6和n-3摄入与新生儿BMI相关。
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