To explore the associations between the presence of bacteria and virus in the nasopharyngeal secretions, and wheezing, condition and hospitalization period in infants with community acquired pneumonia. Methods Clinical data, inclu-ding detection of bacteria and viruses, conditions and hospitalization period, of 1106 hospitalized infants with community ac-quired pneumonia from March 2009 to February 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The infants were classiifed into wheezing (697 cases) and non-wheezing (409 cases) groups. Results Viruses were detected in 540 infants (48.8%), and the total detection rate of viruses and detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus in wheezing group were signiifcantly higher than those of non-wheezing group (P=0.000). Bacteria were detected in 590 cases (53.3%) and no signiifcance was found between two groups (P=0.821). The detection rate of Streptococcus pneumonia was higher in wheezing group than that of non-wheezing group (P=0.038). Comparing to the infants detected with both viruses and bacteria, no signiifcances were found in the occurrence of severe pneumonia and hos-pitalization period in those infants detected with viruses only (P>0.05), as well as in the wheezing time of period (P>0.05). Con-clusions Wheezing in infants with community acquired pneumonia is related to the infection of viruses, especially to respiratory syncytial viruses. Virus infection accompanying bacterial infection has no impact on duration of hospitalization and wheezing. The infection of Streptococcus pneumonia may relate to wheezing in infants.%目的：分析住院治疗的社区获得性肺炎婴幼儿的鼻咽分泌物中病毒、细菌检出与喘息及病情、住院日的关系。方法回顾性分析2009年3月-2010年2月住院治疗的1106例社区获得性肺炎婴幼儿鼻咽抽吸物的细菌培养、呼吸道7种病毒检测结果，以及病情、住院日等临床资料。按病程中是否出现喘息将婴幼儿分为喘息组（697例）和非喘息组（409例）。结果1106例婴幼儿有病毒检出540例（48.8%），喘息组的病毒总体检出率及呼吸道合胞病毒检出率均明显高于非喘息组，差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）；1106例婴幼儿细菌检出590例（53.3%），两组差异无统计学意义（P=0.821），喘息组肺炎链球菌检出率显著高于非喘息组，差异有统计学意义（P=0.038）。同时检出病毒和细菌与单检出病毒婴幼儿相比，发生重症肺炎以及住院日的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；同时检出病毒和细菌与单检出病毒的喘息婴幼儿相比，喘息持续时间的差异也无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论住院治疗的社区获得性肺炎婴幼儿喘息与病毒尤其是呼吸道合胞病毒感染相关，是否合并有细菌检出对病情、住院日、喘息持续时间无显著影响；肺炎链球菌感染或定植可能与婴幼儿喘息相关。
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