“大爆炸宇宙学”批评

         

摘要

the big-bang cosmogony was based on the Hubble’ s astro-observation,he discovered that the remote celestial bodies are leaving far from us. It is the Hubble’ s theory of expanding cosmography. But this theory lacks sufficient proof,then it should be a product of subjective idealism. Another important argument of the theory of exploded cosmogony is that measurement data on microwave background radia-tion,but the data can’ t indicate that the temperature of microwave background radiation should be the re-sult of once exploding. It is never the spread ember at once exploding of an original celestrial body. Ac-cording to the definity of cosmos,people can’ t say “the age of cosmos”,because we only can say “the age of earth”,“the age of solar system” and“the age of star system”;etc. Then,we are against these ab-surd views of big-bang cosmology categorically,because such theoretical system is full of flaws that both science and philosophy all can’ t hold. Although it seems that the universe is riddled with in explicable forces,the theory of dark matter and dark energy just are two hypothesises. Another hypothesis is the exist of gravitational waves,it is just an estimate,but the actual situation might be different. The velocity of gravity in Newton’ s universal law is infinite,but the gravity propagation speed and the velocity of gravitational waves in Einstein’ s theory are the light speed c. The General relativity( GR) explains these features by suggesting that gravitation ( un-like electromagnetic forces) is a pure geometric effect of curved space-time,not a force of nature that propagates. Moreover,now different gravity models need to be considered. For example,if gravity is once again taken to be a propagating force of nature in flat space-time with the propagation speed indicated by observational evidence and experiments:not less than 2 × 1010c(c is the speed of light in vacuum). Al-though faster-than-light force propagation speeds do violate Einstein’ s Special relativity( SR) ,they are in accord with Lorentzian relativity( LR) . When a US team of cosmologists announced at a press conference in March 2014 that they had detec-ted gravitational waves generated in the first instants after the big-bang,the origins of the universe were once again major news. According to the team at the BICEP2 South Pole telescope,the results were hailed as proof the big bang inflationary theory and its progeny,the multiverse. Nobel prizes were predicted. The BICEP2 team identified a twisty ( B-mode) pattern in its maps of polarization of the cosmic microwave background,concluding that this was a detection of primordial gravitational waves. But in later months,a careful reanalysis by scientists at Princeton University and the Institute for Advanced Study also in Prince-ton,has concluded that the BICEP2 B-mode pattern could be the result mostly or entirely of foreground effects without any contribution from gravitational waves. The sudden reversal should make the scientific community contemplate the implications for the future of cosmology experimentation and theory. The BI-CEP2 incident has also revealed a truth about inflationary theory. It is clear that the inflationary paradigm is fundamentally untestable,and hence scientifically meaningless.%大爆炸宇宙创生理论是以天文学家Hubble的观测为基础的,他声称已发现那些遥远的天体正远离我们而去。此即Hubble氏的宇宙扩张理论。但该理论的证据并不充分,是主观想像。宇宙爆炸理论的另一重要证据是微波背景辐射的测量数据,但它并不表示微波背景辐射温度数据一定是一次爆炸后的结果。把它看成一次原初大爆炸的余烬是勉强的。按照宇宙的定义,人们无法谈论“宇宙寿命”,只可能谈论诸如“地球的寿命”、“太阳系的寿命”和“星系的寿命”。因此我们反对不靠谱的大爆炸宇宙学,因该理论体系漏洞百出,在科学上和在哲学上均不能成立。  虽然宇宙中看来充满难于解释的力,暗物质和暗能量仍然只是两个假设。另一个假说是存在引力波,但也只是估计,实际情况可能不同。在Newton理论中引力速度是无限大,但在Einstein理论中引力传播速度和引力波波速都是光速c。广义相对论( GR)认为引力与电磁力不同,是弯曲时空的纯几何效应。但现在应思索某些不同的引力模型,例如把引力重新当作平直时空中的自然界的力的传播,从而又研究得出引力速度大于2×1010 c( c是真空中光速)。虽然超光速的引力传播违反Einstein的狭义相对论( SR),却符合Lorentz的相对性理论( LR)。  在美国,一个宇宙学家团队在2014年3月的一次新闻发布会上宣布,他们探测到了宇宙大爆炸之后最初瞬间所产生的引力波,从而导致宇宙的起源再次成为重大新闻。根据BICEP2南极望远镜团队的信息,其结果被誉为大爆炸暴涨理论及其后续理论(多元宇宙)的证明。该成果问鼎Nobel奖也在预测之中。 BICEP2团队在其宇宙微波背景辐射极化图像中,确定了一个扭曲( B模式)图案,绪论是检测到原始的引力波。但在后来数月中,由来自Prin-ceton大学和也在Princeton高等研究所的科学家们进行了认真的重新分析,其结论是BICEP2的B模式模型给出的大部分或全部最显著效应没有来自引力波的任何贡献。这种突然逆转应该让科学界认真考虑未来的宇宙学实验和理论。 BICEP2事件也揭示了一个关于暴涨理论的真相;很清楚,暴涨范式是根本无法检验的,并因此在科学上是毫无意义的。

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