采用加性-显性遗传模型,分析36个杂交红麻产量性状遗传效应与杂种优势.结果表明:株高与皮厚主要受显性效应控制；现蕾天数、鲜茎重、鲜皮重、干皮重受加性效应与显性效应共同控制；始果高度、茎粗则既不受加性效应影响,也不受显性效应影响；产量性状的狭义遗传率均较低.株高、皮厚、茎粗、始果高度等产量性状的狭义遗传率较低,育种中宜在高世代中选择.除现蕾天数外,其他产量性状的平均优势(Hpm)与超亲优势(Hpb)预测值均有正值,其中鲜皮重、干皮重杂种优势明显.F1代的生育期与产量呈负相关.株高与始果高度、茎粗、鲜茎重、鲜皮重、干皮重等性状以及鲜茎重、鲜皮重、干皮重与其他性状间均呈显著或极显著相关.%The genetic effect and heterosis of yield traits of 36 kenaf hybrids were analyzed by using an additive-dominance genetics model (AD). The results showed that plant height and bark thickness were mainly controlled by dominant effect. The flower bud sprouting time, fresh stem weight, fresh fiber weight, and dry tare weight were controlled by both additive and dominant effect, but the height of the first fruit, stem diameter were affected neither by additive effect nor dominant effect. Because of the low narrow her-itability of some yield traits such as plant height, bark thickness, stem diameter and height of the first fruit, they should be chosen in the later breeding generation. Except the days of flower bud, average heterosis (Hpm) and the transgressive heterosis (Hpb) of yield traits were positive, and the heterosis of fresh fiber weight and dry fiber were obvious. There was a negative correlation between the fertility and yield of the F1 generation. There was significant or very significant correlation between plant height and the height of the first fruit, stem diameter, fresh stem weight, fresh and dry fiber weight. At the same time, the correlation between fresh stem weight, fresh and dry fiber weight and other traits was also significant or highly significant.
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