山区洪灾是山区特殊的自然灾害，是造成区域内社会经济严重损失的重要原因之一，山区洪灾孕灾环境合理分区对区域内灾害防治、风险管理与社会经济发展等都具有重要的理论和实践指导意义。以重庆市巴南区主要乡镇洪灾为研究对象，首先在孕灾因子分析基础上构建了由7个因子组成的孕灾环境分区指标体系，并利用AHP层次分析方法确定各指标的权重，最后在ArcGIS软件平台支持下获取了各评价指标数据，采用综合得分法得到研究区孕灾环境综合得分模型，以镇域为单元进行了洪灾孕灾等级区的划分。研究结果表明：研究区中危险区面积为269．795 km2，占区域总面积的24．27％；高易发区、中易发区、低易发区的面积分别为270．144 km2，280．481 km2，290．991 km2，占研究区总面积百分比分别为24．31％、25．24％、26．18％。经分区统计到各乡镇后，得到研究区各乡镇孕灾环境综合等级得分，其中石龙镇和石滩镇为危险区，惠民街道和南彭街道为高易发区，二圣镇、跳石镇和安澜镇为中易发区，东泉镇、姜家镇、天星寺镇和接龙镇为低易发区。%Mountain flood is a special natural disaster in hilly regions and it is also one of the most important reasons for the regional social economic losses .The reasonable division of mountain flood and hazard inducing environment has important theoretical and practical guiding significance for regional disaster prevention and control , risk management and social economic development .Taking the main town's flood in Banan district of Chongqing as the research objects ,the article firstly establishes a hazard inducing environment index system of regionalization which is composed of seven factors on the basis of factor analysis .Then the article uses the AHP method to determine the weight of each index .In the end ,with the support of ArcGIS software platform ,the article obtains the data of the indexes and establishes the hazard inducing environment comprehensive index model through the comprehensive scoring method .The article takes the township -level administrative region as the unit for the division of flood and hazard inducing area .The results show that in the research area ,the dangerous area is 269 .795km2 ,accounting for 24 .27% of total area ;the area of high ,middle and low easy -happening area is respectively 270 .144km2 ,280 . 481km2 and 290 .991km2 ,which respectively occupies 24 .31% ,25 .24% and 26 .81% of the total study area .After zonal statistics to each village and town ,the article gets the integrated score of every village and town’s hazard inducing area . The scores indicate that Shilong town and Shitan town are dangerous area ;Huimin Street and Nanpeng Street are high easy -happening area;Ersheng town ,Tiaoshi town and Anlan town are middle easy -happening area ;Dongquan town ,Jiangjia town ,Tianxingsi town and Jielong town are low easy -happening area .
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