为了明确新烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉和噻虫嗪拌种对麦蚜整个发生期的防治效果和对小麦的安全性,研究了吡虫啉和噻虫嗪拌种对小麦苗期和穗期蚜虫的防治效果以及对小麦出苗、分蘖、千粒重和产量的影响.2 a试验结果表明,吡虫啉1.4～2.0 g/kg拌种、噻虫嗪1.0～4.0 g/kg拌种对小麦整个生育期蚜虫均具有较好的防治效果,在小麦出穗前、扬花期和灌浆期对麦蚜的防治效果分别为96.02％～100％、93.12％～100％和84.19％～98.31％;吡虫啉1.4 g/kg拌种、噻虫嗪1.0～2.0 g/kg拌种对小麦出苗时间、出苗率无显著影响,噻虫嗪4.0 g/kg拌种小麦出苗时间推迟0.5～1 d,对出苗率无影响；吡虫啉1.4 g/kg拌种、噻虫嗪2.0 g/kg拌种,小麦有效分蘖增加最多,分别为55.38％和34.58％；小麦千粒重增加以吡虫啉1.4 g/kg拌种最高,显著高于噻虫嗪1.0～4.0g/kg拌种,且吡虫啉1.4 g/kg拌种小麦产量增加显著高于噻虫嗪4.0 g/kg拌种,稍高于噻虫嗪1.0～2.0 g/kg拌种.可见,在小麦播种时,用吡虫啉1.4～2.0 g/kg、噻虫嗪1.0～2.0 g/kg拌种可有效控制小麦整个生育期蚜虫危害,且对小麦安全,增产效果明显.%The control effects of 70% imidacloprid WS and 70% thiamethoxam ZF as seed dressing (SD) agents on wheat aphids during wheat seedling and heading stages, and their effects on the emergence,effective tillers per plant, 1 000-grain weight,and yield of wheat were investigated for evaluating the control effects of the two insecticides as SD agents and their safety. The results of two years showed that by SD with 1. 4 - 2. 0 g/kg of imidacloprid and 1. 0 - 4. 0 g/kg of thia-methoxam,both pesticides had good control effects on wheat aphids during the whole occurrence period,with 96. 02% - 100% before wheat heading, 93. 12% - 100% at flowering stage, and 84.19% -98. 31% at filling stage,respectively. SD with 1. 4 g/kg of imidacloprid and 1. 0 - 2. 0 g/kg of thiamethoxam had no negative effects on the time and rate of wheat seed emergence,but the germination time of wheat seed was delayed 0. 5 -Id with thiamethoxam at 4. 0 g/kg, which had no effect on the emergence rate. By SD with imidacloprid at 1. 4 g/kg and thiamethoxam at 2.0 g/kg, the effective tillers of wheat increased most, by 55. 38% and 34. 58%, respectively. The 1 000-grain weight of wheat increased noticeably by SD with imidacloprid at 1. 4 g/kg,significantly higher than that with thiamethoxam at 1. 0 - 4. 0 g/kg. Meanwhile, the increase of wheat yield by SD with imidacloprid at 1. 4 g/kg was significantly higher than that with thiamethoxam at 4. 0 g/kg, slightly higher than thiamethoxam at 1. 0 - 2. 0 g/kg. The field trial results suggest that SD with imidacloprid at 1. 4-2. 0 g/kg and thiamethoxam 1. 0 - 2. 0 g/kg could achieve good control effects on wheat aphids during the whole growing season,showing safe to wheat,and has a significant yield-increasing.
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