采用整群抽样的方法，对浙江省某市450名城市儿童和434名流动儿童的社会认知进行问卷调查.结果表明：流动儿童社会认知三个因子得分均低于城市儿童(P 值均<0.05)；两组儿童总体，男生社会认知三个因子得分均低于女生(P 值均<0.05)，流动男生归因和社会认知结构两个因子得分均低于城市男生(P 值均<0.05)，流动女生社会认知三个因子得分均低于城市女生(P 值均<0.05)；两组儿童总体，社会认知三个因子得分均存在年级差异(P 值均<0.05).三个年级流动儿童均有单个因子得分低于城市儿童的现象(P 值均<0.05)；两组儿童总体，社会认知三个因子得分均不存在抚养人差异(P 值均>0.05)，但当抚养人是父母时，流动儿童社会认知三个因子得分均低于城市儿童(P 值均<0.05).因此，应加强对流动儿童，尤其是流动男性儿童社会认知方面的教育和引导.%450 urban children and 434 immigrant children in X city of Zhejiang Province were selected by Cluster sampling to complete the questionnaire.The results show that:immigrant children were significantly lower than urban children in three factor scores of social cognition (Ps<0.05);For the total of children,boys were significantly lower than girls in three factor scores of social cognition(Ps<0.05),immigrant boys were significantly lower than urban boys in the scores of attribution and social cognitive structure (Ps<0.05),immi-grant girls were significantly lower than urban girls in three factor scores of social cognition (Ps<0.05);For the total of children,the difference among classes in three factor scores of social cognition were signifi-cant (P s<0 .0 5 ),for each class,immigrant children were significantly lower than urban children in some fac-tor scores of social cognition(Ps<0.05);For the total of children,no difference in three factor scores of social cognition among different caregivers (Ps>0.05),but when caregivers were parents,immigrant children were significantly lower than urban children in three factor scores of social cognition (Ps<0.05).It is necessary to strengthen the education and guidance to immigrant children,and especially to immigrant boys.
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