[目的]通过彗星电泳法检测样品单细胞DNA损伤从而鉴别辐照食品。[方法]选取12种食品基质，经1KGy、3KGy、5KGy、7KGy、10KGy剂量辐照后，进行彗星电泳检测，并对检测时效性进行研究。[结果]除熟制鸡肉外，其他样品均可通过彗星电泳法检测到辐照状况，检测灵敏度达1KGy辐照剂量；辐照产生的DNA损伤具有明显的剂量-效应关系，以TL、TDNA%指标分析存在平台期，以TM、OTM指标分析则不存在平台期；辐照后6h-5d均可检测到明显的彗星图像。[结论]彗星电泳法适用于除熟制食品外的含DNA食品的辐照检测，方法稳定性好，检测灵敏度高。%The single cell DNA damage was detected by using comet assay to screen irradiated foods. In principle, it is applicable to all the detection of irradiated food containing DNA. Twelve food matrixes were irradiated at 1KGy, 3KGy, 5KGy, 7KGy and 10KGy dose respectively and then detected by comet assay. The time effect of the method was also studied. The irradiation of eleven samples, except the cooked chicken, could be identified through comet assay. The detection sensitivity was 1Kgy. DNA damage of irradiation was in obvious dose-effect relationship. Platform period was found by the index TL and TDNA%, other than by TM and OTM. The detection efficiency of the method was identified from six hours to five days. Except cooked food comet assay is suitable for detecting irradiated foods which contains DNA damages. The method has good stability and high sensitivity.
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