高速列车通过隧道会引起较大的车内外压力波动,带来乘客舒适性问题和车体较大的气动疲劳载荷.与常规速度的列车比较,隧道压力波是高速列车车体设计和通风系统设计中所必须要考虑的问题.基于已研制的一维可压缩非定常不等熵流动和广义黎曼变量特征线数值计算程序,给出了CRH3高速列车单车通过隧道和两列车隧道交会过程中隧道内压力波和车外压力波的形成过程,分析了同一编组上不同车厢车内外压力和压差的变化规律,以及8节车辆和16节车辆两种编组长度对车内外压力和压差的影响特征,得出了会车压力波变化比单车压力波变化更加剧烈,建议今后以隧道内会车工况为研究内容,研究车内外压力和压差的变化,确定最恶劣的会车工况和车内外压力和压差,为列车设计提供依据.%Intensive pressure waves will be caused when high-speed train travels through tunnels, which can bring about passenger comfort problems and big pneumatic fatigue loads for car body. Compared with low speed trains, tunnel pressure wave problem is the key factor which must be considered during the design of high-speed train and the car ventilation system. Based on the method of characteristics of the one dimensional unsteady compressible non-isentropic fluid-flow and by using numerical programs,this paper studies the pressure wave problems produced by the CRH3 high-speed train both for a single train traveling and for two trains crossing in a tunnel. For different cars of the train, we study the characteristics of pressure waves both outside and inside the car, pressure difference between outside and inside the car is also analyzed. The influence of train length to pressure waves and pressure difference is also discussed in this paper and conclusions have been drawn that the pressure changes more violently for two trains crossing than for a single train traveling in a tunnel. We suggest that further study should be carried out for two trains crossing in tunnels and characteristics of pressure waves and pressure difference changes should be analyzed. In order to offer reference to the design of high-speed train, study results should find out the most execrable conditions of two trains crossing in tunnels and should give the corresponding pressure and pressure difference changing characteristics.
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