In recent years ,the incidence of cardiovascular disease and mortality rate are high .Mounting evidence con‐firms that most acute vascular events are induced by a plaque rupture ,while ,the main causes leading to acute cardiovascu‐lar events include atherosclerotic plaque rupture and thrombosis ,the latter depends on the instability of plaque ,i .e .,vul‐nerability .With the increasingly understanding of vulnerable plaque in clinic ,how to accurately identify the vulnerable plaques before the acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events occur and to actively and effectively intervent on patients has become an urgent issue and ,meanwhile ,also become the key issue to reduce the rate of cardiovascular events .Nonin‐vasive imaging methods can not only be used as a screening tool for atherosclerosis ,but used for qualitative evaluation and quantitative calculation on plaque as well .Currently ,noninvasive imaging methods display good application potential for the identification of plaque composition and vulnerable plaques .But still ,no one method can separately identify vulnerable plaques and predict its progress .In fact ,most methods can evaluate one characteristic of the vulnerable plaque .%心脑血管疾病的发病率和致死率居高不下，大量证据证实大部分急性血管事件是有易损斑块破裂所诱发的，而导致急性心脑血管事件的主要原因包括动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂及血栓形成，后者取决于斑块的不稳定性，即易损性。随着临床上对易损斑块认识的日益深入，如何在急性心脑血管事件发生前准确地识别出易损斑块并对患者进行积极有效的干预已成为迫切的问题，同时也是降低急性心血管事件发生率的关键。无创影像学检查方法不仅可以作为筛查动脉粥样硬化的工具，还可以对斑块进行定性评估和定量计算；目前部分无创性影像学手段在显示斑块内成分、鉴别易损斑块方面显示了良好的应用潜力，但仍无一种方法可以独立识别易损斑块并预测其进展，大多数方法只能评价易损斑块的某一特性。
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