目的：探讨职业病患者应对方式的特点。方法采用应对方式问卷对135例在院职业病患者进行调查。结果职业病患者所采用的应对方式按分值高低排序为：退避（0.58±0.19）分＞幻想（0.54±0.20）分＞自责（0.51±0.20）分＞解决问题（0.48±0.15）分＞合理化（0.47±0.15）分＞求助（0.45±0.18）分。女性在解决问题、求助因子得分上高于男性；25～50岁的患者在自责、幻想、合理化因子上得分低于＜25岁组，在求助因子得分高于＜25岁组；学历高的患者在解决问题、求助因子得分上高于学历低的患者；己婚患者在解决问题、求助、幻想因子得分上高于未婚及离异或丧偶组；自付医疗费用的患者在退避因子得分高于工伤医疗和单位支付医疗费用的患者；病情重的患者在解决问题、求助因子得分低于病情中度和轻度的患者，而其在自责、退避因子得分上高于其他两组患者；家庭收入高的患者在解决问题、求助因子得分上高于家庭收入低的患者，而其在幻想、退避因子方面得分低于家庭收入低的患者，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。结论职业病患者多采用不成熟的消极应对方式，女性、年龄25～50岁、已婚、病情轻、学历高、家庭收入高和非自付医疗费用的患者更易采用积极的应对方式。%Objective To explore the features of coping styles of patients with occupational disease. Methods The Coping Style Scale was applied to survey 135 patients with occupational disease. Results The score of escape (0.58±0.19) topped the coping styles, followed by that of fantasy (0.54 ±0.20), self-blame (0.51 ±0.20), solution (0.48 ±0.15), rationalization (0.47 ±0.15) and seeking help (0.45 ±0.18). Coping styles were different in patients with different gender, age, marital status, the severity of the illness, educational background, income and payment terms for the medical expense (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Most occupational patients’ coping styles are negative. Female occupational disease patients, those aged from 25~50 years, married, with mild illness, highly educated, higher income and co-payment for the medical expense would like to choose positive coping styles.
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