Objective To survey the status of nurses’ perception of hospital safety climate. Methods A self-designed questionnaire and hospital safety climate scale were applied to investigate 697 nurses from Class III Grade I general hospitals in Changsha. Results The score of hospital safety climate was 104.31±12.04. The average scores of different subscales in descending order were ranked as following: training 3.72 ±0.48, communication 3.69 ±0.37, bio-security equipment 3.68 ±0.57 work environment 3.65 ±0.56 and attitude of management 3.25±0.67. Training, working length and the development of hospital exerted impact on nurse ’ awareness of hospital safety climate (P<0.05). Conclusion Nurses’ awareness of hospital safety climate maintains at an intermediate level. Hospital administrators should focus on the development of hospital safety climate and improve the work environment and provide sufficient nursing human resources and bio-security equipments to improve the level of nurses ’ perception of hospital safety climate.%目的了解护士对职业防护相关的医院安全氛围的认知现状，为医院相关部门制定减少职业暴露相关措施提供参考。方法采用自行设计的护士基本资料调查问卷和医院安全氛围量表对长沙市3家三级甲等综合医院697名护士进行问卷调查。结果护士对医院安全氛围认知总分为（104.31±12.04）分，处于中等水平。各维度条目均分按降序排列依次为：培训教育（3.72±0.48）分，沟通（3.69±0.37）分，防护设备（3.68±0.57）分，工作环境（3.65±0.56）分，管理者态度（3.25±0.67）分。不同医院、年龄、护龄及医院感染知识培训情况的护士，对安全氛围认知得分差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论护士对医院安全氛围认知处于中等水平，医院管理者应重视营造安全文化的态度，改善工作环境，提供充足的人力资源与防护设备，加强职业防护相关知识培训，从而提高护士对医院安全氛围的认知水平，减少职业暴露发生。
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