Objective To discuss disease cognition of senior patients with type 2 diabetes and its influencing factors from the perspective of cognition description and emotion description based on the common-sense model and to provide effective nursing for patients. Methods With convenience sampling, a general information questionnaire and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief-IPQ) were applied to survey 137 senior patients with type 2 diabetes. Results Single factor analysis and hierarchical regression analysis indicated that working or not, hospitalization frequency, complications, course of disease and treatment of the patients exerted influence on patients ’ cognition about the disease. The confirmation of symptom was influenced by hospitalization frequency(P<0.01), the description of disease time axis by treatment (P<0.05)and complications(P<0.05), disease control by course of disease(P<0.05) and comprehensive understanding by with working or not(P<0.05). Conclusion Most senior patients with type 2 diabetes do psychological preparation for self-management but their disease description is influenced by many factors. Health education based on patients’ cognition about the disease is beneficial to the improvement of patients’ self-management.%目的：基于“常识模式”从疾病认知描绘与情绪描绘2方面，探讨老年2型糖尿病患者对疾病的认知及影响因素，有助于医护人员从患者的角度，提供有效的照护。方法采用便利抽样法，利用一般资料调查表和简易疾病认知问卷（ Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire，Brief-IPQ），对就诊于广州市珠江医院内分泌科住院部与门诊的137例老年2型糖尿病患者进行调查。结果经单因素分析和多元回归分析结果显示，老年2型糖尿病患者工作状态、住院次数、并发症、病程和治疗方式分别从不同维度影响患者的疾病描绘。其中，对疾病辨识的描绘主要受住院次数的影响（P<0.01），疾病时间线的描绘主要受并发症数量（P<0.05）和病程影响（P<0.05），疾病结果的描绘主要受治疗方式（P<0.01）和并发症的影响（P<0.01），疾病可控性的描绘主要受病程的影响（P<0.05），自觉对糖尿病的综合理解程度主要受工作状态的影响（P<0.05）。结论从本研究疾病描绘各维度得分可以看出，老年2型糖尿病患者普遍自觉对疾病了解度高，相信自己可以控制疾病，已经具备自我管理的心理基础，同时对疾病的描绘受多方面因素影响（包括工作状态、住院次数、并发症、病程和治疗方式）。医护人员应根据患者对疾病的认知特点采取针对性的健康教育，从而有效提高患者自我管理水平。
展开▼
