口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是最常见的口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤之一，但目前对于OSCC的具体发病机制并不十分清楚。当前的研究认为在OSCC发生发展中的基因变化因素主要包括基因突变与表观遗传修饰异常。表观遗传修饰是可遗传、可逆转的生物学行为，主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、非编码RNA调控等。近来研究发现，表观遗传修饰的改变尤其是DNA甲基化对OSCC的发病过程意义重大。对于表观遗传学修饰改变的进一步探索将有助于我们理解 OSCC的发病机制，该机制将为OSCC的诊断、治疗、预后提供一个新的研究思路，并且为新型抗肿瘤药物的研发工作，提供了新的理论基础。%Dysregulation of gene expression is a frequent occurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, accumulating evidence suggests that in contrast to genetics, epigenetic modifications consisting of aberrant DNA methylation, histone modification, and altered expression of miRNAs induce OSCC tumorigenesis and perhaps play more central role in the evolution and progression of this disease. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the impact of epigenetics on oral tumorigenesis with a systematic report on DNA methylation, histone modification, and altered expression of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of OSCC.
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