评估杀虫剂使用者在苹果园杀虫期间皮肤和呼吸接触氰戊菊酯的风险．利用高速喷枪（SS）或高压喷枪（PS）喷洒了可乳化浓缩物（EC）和可湿性粉剂（WP），并佩戴皮肤贴剂、手套、脚套和面罩等监测了皮肤接触氰戊菊酯的可能性，同时利用带有 XAD-2树脂的个人空气取样器监测了呼吸接触氰戊菊酯的可能性．以各种不同暴露方式为出发点，验证了分析仪器检出限、定量限、重现性、校准曲线线性度以及氰戊菊酯活性的方法．结果表明，皮肤接触氰戊菊酯的量在262.8μg（EC/SS）至1652.6μg（WP/PS）之间，使用高速喷枪时皮肤接触的量为2032μg，而使用高压喷枪时皮肤接触量为1087.9μg．基于结果进行了风险评估，计算了暴露时的可吸收量和安全范围（MOS）．四种情况下的安全范围都比1大得多，这说明发生风险的可能性低．%Risk assessment of skin and respiratory contact with fenvalerate while the pesticide users kill the insects in apple orchard.Using high speed gun(SS)or high pressure spray gun (PS) to spray emulsifiable concentrate(EC) and wettable powder(WP).Wearing a skin patch, gloves, foot covers and face mask to monitor the skin contact with fenvalerate.Meanwhile, using the personal air sampler with XAD-2 resin to monitor the respiratory contact with fenvalerate.Take various exposures as a starting point, testify the analysis methods of instrument detection limit, limit of quantification, reproducibility, linearity of calibration curve and fenvalerate activity.The results shown that the amount of skin contact with fenvalerate is between 262.8μg(EC/SS)and1 652.6μg(WP/PS).While using the high-speed gun,the amount of skin contact is 2 032μg,while using the high-pressure spray gun, the amount is 1 087.9 μg.In order to carry out the assessment risk,the absorption quantity and margin of safety(MOS)while exposing to fenvalerate is calculated.The margins of safety under four kinds of situations are much larger than 1, which indicate the possibility of risk is low.
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