Currently, ENGO participation in environmental civil public interest litigation is still at the conceptual level, and its de-sign intention remains yet to be achieved. ENGO is mainly faced with such internal difficulties as severe governmental intervention, its own imperfect organizational structure and lack of funding, and such external difficulties as high litigation costs, and evidentiary difficulties. Its internal difficulties can be solved by restoring ENGO’ s independence as a third sector, improving its corporate gov-ernance structure and strengthening the non-profit business activities to increase its own funds, etc.;its external difficulties can be settled by adjusting litigation fee payment rules, establishing the plaintiff’ s incentive system and improving the inversion of burden of proof system. All this contributes to realizing the purpose of public interest to protect the environment.%目前ENGO参与环境民事公益诉讼仍停留在理念层面，并未实现其制度设计初衷。 ENGO主要面临政府行政干预严重、组织机构不完善、自身经费匮乏的内部困境，以及诉讼成本高、举证困难等外部困境。通过恢复ENGO第三部门独立地位、完善其法人治理结构、强化非牟利型经营活动以增加ENGO自身经费等手段摆脱内部困境；通过调整诉讼费缴纳规则、建立原告胜诉奖励制度、完善举证责任倒置分配制度解决ENGO所面临的外部困境，实现保护环境公益的目的。
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