The rail displacement fluctuation error with time-varying stiffness and damping in the vertical direction was considered as a displacement excitation of a linear guide in its process of movement,and vibration analysis of the roller linear guide under the rail displacement excitation was studied.Firstly,the dynamic characteristics of the roller linear guide were analyzed,the vertical stiffness was calculated according to Hertz contact theory,and the damping characteristics under different frequencies was identified based on the measured hysteresis loops of a linear guide unit. Then a dynamic model with generalized time-varying stiffness and damping of the roller linear guide was formulated.The incremental harmonic balance method (IHB)of the nonlinear vibration theory was introduced to analyze the vibration progress of the model.The numerical simulation was used to verify the feasibility of the approach.%由于刚度和阻尼的时变性，垂直于导轨导向方向的位移波动误差，被认为是直线导轨运动过程的一种位移激励，滚柱直线导轨在此激励作用下的振动是研究的主题。首先对直线导轨的动态特性进行分析；基于 HERTZ 接触理论计算滚柱直线导轨的垂向刚度，并且试验测量直线导轨单元的迟滞回线，辨识不同频率下的阻尼特性；然后建立广义的具有时变刚度和变阻尼的振动模型。引入非线性振动理论的增量谐波平衡法（IHB）分析振动过程，并运用数值仿真验证此方法的可行性。
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