Here,the phase formulas of a TMD control system were derived.The effects of parameters on phase difference and vibration reduction result were investigated.Both the frequency band of vibration reduction and the distribution of phase difference change with parameters were indicated.The results showed that the comprehensive optimal control effect of TMD is obtained with the optimal damping ratio and the optimal frequency ratio;the increase in mass ratio of TMD can improve both the control performance and control robustness.In addition,the theory of phase energy combined with the principle of energy dissipation was employed to obtain the equivalent damping ratio of TMD.It was shown that the proposed equivalent damping ratio is more reasonable than that deduced under the excitation of white noise.%推导了 TMD 系统的相位公式，研究了各参数对相位差及减震效果的影响。结果表明当 TMD 选取最优频率比与最优阻尼比时具有最优控制效果。TMD 质量比的增大不仅有助于增加控制效果，而且提高了频域内的控制鲁棒性。此外，本文提出了相能原理并结合能量耗散相等的原理给出了 TMD 的等效阻尼比，该数值比白噪声激励下推导的等效阻尼比更加符合 TMD 系统的实际情况。
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