When a missile is vertically launched under water in a tube,the deformation of vibration reduction pad is coupled with the motion of the missile,and the lateral vibration of the missile is directly affected by the dynamic characteristics of the pad while it's in the launch tube.Here,the dynamic model of the missile underwater vertically launched was built with the momentum and momentum moment theorems,the free vibration characteristics of the missile in the tube was analyzed,and the lateral vibration equations of the missile were finally obtained with respect to the launch platform coordinate system.Furthermore,the effects of pad rigidity,its length and distribution in the tube on the lateral vibration frequencies of the missile,its cross-section internal forces,and the motion attitude of the missile during its flying out off the tube were studied.The study results provided a theoretical foundation and study tools for the missile under water launching system optimization design.%在导弹的水下垂直发射过程中，减震垫的变形与导弹运动相互耦合，减震垫特性直接影响出筒过程中导弹的横向振动。根据动量和动量矩定理建立了导弹在出筒过程的动力学模型，分析了导弹在筒内横向运动的自由振动特性，得到了导弹在发射平台坐标系下的横向振动方程。在此基础上，研究了减震垫刚度、轴向尺寸和筒内分布对导弹横向振动频率、截面受力以及出筒姿态的影响。研究结果为导弹水下发射系统的结构设计及优化提供了理论基础与研究手段。
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