目的:通过了解不同体质状况的青少年发生运动损伤的情况,为开展学校体育安全教育提供科学依据.方法: 对北京市某初中1011名学生进行体质测评,并对其后一年中参加体育运动时发生损伤的情况进行调查,按照各体质指标不同水平分组,分析青少年体质状况与发生运动损伤的关系.数据处理采用SPSS13.0软件,包括描述统计、χ2检验、非条件 Logistic回归分析等.结果:(1)一年中男女生发生损伤的比例分别为62.8%和52.8%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=6.371,P=0.012);(2)以正常BMI青少年为参照水平,超重和肥胖青少年发生运动损伤的几率分别是正常BMI青少年的1.386倍(OR=1.386,95%CI:0.980,1.960)和1.198倍(OR=1.198,95%CI:1.137,2.500);(3)平衡能力一般的青少年发生运动相关风险的几率是平衡能力良好青少年的1.285倍(OR值=1.285,95%C:0.968,1.980),平衡能力较差的青少年发生运动损伤的几率是平衡能力良好青少年的2.007倍(OR值=2.007,95%CI:1.086,3.710);(4)肺活量水平较差的初中男生发生运动损伤的几率是肺活量水平良好的初中男生的1.911倍(OR=1.911,95%CI:1.097,3.330).结论: 青少年发生运动损伤整体比例较高, 肥胖、心肺功能差、平衡能力差是青少年发生运动损伤的主要体质内因.%The objective of this study was to analyze the sports injuries of adolescents with different physical fitness so that the physical fitness could be improved, sports injuries could be reduced or avoided, scientific basis for safe school sports could be provided.1011 students from junior middle school in Beijing were monitored in the physical conditions and to investigate the situations of their sports injuries in one year, to analyze the relationship between the students and the sports injuries.Statistical analysis by SPSS13.0, including descriptive statistics analysis, chi-square test and non-condition logistic regression analysis were used.Results showed that: (1) The percent of sports injuries between boys and girls was 62.8% and 52.8% respectively, it was statistically significant (χ2=6.371,P=0.012);(2) The OR of the sports injuries between the BMI of overweight and the BMI of obesity was 1.386 (OR=1.386,95%CI:0.980,1.960) and 1.198 (OR=1.198,95%CI:1.137,2.500) respectively, with reference to the normal range of BMI;(3) The OR of the sports injuries of boys of poor vital capacity and good vital capacity was 1.911 (OR=1.911,95%CI:1.097,3.330).The OR of the sports injuries of the general balance capacity and the good balance capacity was 1.285(OR值=1.285,95%C:0.968,1.980).The OR of the sports injuries of poor balance capacity and good balance capacity was 2.007(OR值=2.007,95%CI:1.086,3.710 ).It could be concluded that the overall rate of adolescent sports injuries was high.Obesity, poor vital capacity and poor balance capacity were more likely to get sports injuries.
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