首页> 中文期刊> 《激光与红外》 >不锈钢表面镀铜对铝/钢 YAG 激光焊接的影响

不锈钢表面镀铜对铝/钢 YAG 激光焊接的影响

         

摘要

对0.3 mm 厚的316L 不锈钢/6061铝合金进行了脉冲激光(YAG)封边焊接试验。为了改善铝钢的冶金结合,对不锈钢表面进行了镀 Cu 处理,对比了镀铜前后的焊接情况;利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱分析等方法研究了接头界面区显微组织特征、熔合情况、元素分布和断口形貌。结果表明:对于铝/钢直接焊接,焊接电流 I =130 A,激光脉宽 D =4 ms,激光频率 f=13 Hz,焊接速度 V =150 mm /min,气体流量25 L/min,零离焦时,焊缝平整、成型美观。镀铜层形成了铝钢焊接的过渡层,减缓了界面处液态金属传递,抑制了铁铝之间的熔合,铝钢熔合线向钢一侧偏移。不锈钢未镀铜情况下,焊接接头组织主要由靠近铝一侧的针状或粗大板条状 Fe2 Al5及靠近钢一侧的 FeAl 组成;镀铜后 Cu 主要固溶到 Fe 中,接头界面组织主要由(Fe,Cu)2 Al5、(Fe,Cu)3 Al 组成。镀铜前后接头拉伸断口形貌未发生明显变化,然而,接头强度明显提高,提高约40.32%,达到15.63 N /mm。%31 6L stainless steel and 6061 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 0.3 mm were jointed by using YAG la-ser welding method.In order to improve the metallurgical bonding characteristics of aluminum and steel,stainless steel was plated with a Cu coating.Welding effects of aluminum/steel were compared before and after copper plating.Microstructure,fusion effect,element distribution and fracture morphology of welding joints were studied by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectrometer.The results show that when the weld-ing conditions were welding current of 1 30 A,laser pulse width of 4 ms,laser frequency of 1 3 Hz,welding speed of 1 50 mm/min,the gas flow rate of 25 L/min and defocusing amount of 0mm,the appearance and quality of the welding joint were good.The Cu-coating layer as transition layer of aluminum and steel welding can slow down liquid metal transfer of the interface and suppress the fusion between iron and aluminum,thus the fusion line between aluminum and steel shifts to the steel side.Microstructure analysis shows that,before copper plating,the welding joint is composed of Fe2 Al5 near the aluminum side and the FeAl near steel side.However,after copper plating,the welding joint is com-posed of (Fe,Cu)2 Al5 and (Fe,Cu)3 Al due to the dissolution of Cu.Tensile fracture morphology of the welding joints are similar before and after copper plating,but the strength of the welding joint increases about 40.32%,and reaches 1 5.63 N /mm.

著录项

  • 来源
    《激光与红外》 |2016年第8期|944-948|共5页
  • 作者单位

    南昌大学机电工程学院江西省机器人及焊接自动化重点实验室;

    江西 南昌 330031;

    南昌大学机电工程学院江西省机器人及焊接自动化重点实验室;

    江西 南昌 330031;

    南昌大学机电工程学院江西省机器人及焊接自动化重点实验室;

    江西 南昌 330031;

    南昌大学机电工程学院江西省机器人及焊接自动化重点实验室;

    江西 南昌 330031;

    南昌大学机电工程学院江西省机器人及焊接自动化重点实验室;

    江西 南昌 330031;

    南昌大学机电工程学院江西省机器人及焊接自动化重点实验室;

    江西 南昌 330031;

  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 chi
  • 中图分类 激光焊;
  • 关键词

    不锈钢; 铝合金; 铜; 显微组织; 断口形貌;

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