With the successful rendezvous and docking between Shenzhou-8 spaceship and Tiangong-1 spacecraft, habitability design and ergonomic analysis of long duration manned spacecraft will become the main technological problem. The present habitability study of ISS is described in detail, and the status of NASA＇s study in habitability are analyzed. The main contents of habitability ergonomic design are explored, with some views put forward for discussion.%随着神舟八号飞船与天宫一号的成功对接，长期飞行栽人航天器的适居性设计与应用将成为我国：载人航天技术发展面临的主要技术问题。首先对国际空间站上有关适居性的概况和NASA的研究现状进行了分析。在此基础上，归纳出长期载人航天器适居性设计的主要内容。最后，提出几点看法。
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