目的：为了解本院住院患者医院感染的现状及其影响因素，为完善医院感染防控措施提供科学依据。方法：采用横断面调查方法，即床旁走访和查阅病历相结合，对本院2013年7月9日0：00-24：00所有住院患者（不包括当日新入患者）进行医院感染现患率调查，并对调查数据进行统计分析。结果：当日应查住院患者654例，实查率99.54%，医院感染率为3.69%，例次感染率3.99%；呼吸机相关性肺部感染率42.85%；医院感染部位以下呼吸道感染为主，感染率为61.54%；医院感染现患率前三位的科室依次是ICU 40%、神经外科11.76%、急诊科8.33%；26例次医院感染病例中送检标本17份，送检率65.38%，分离病原体16株，医院感染病原菌以革兰氏阳性菌为主占62.50%，其次是真菌占31.25%；抗菌药物的使用率为40.71%，抗菌药物使用中一联用药占86.79%，二联用药占13.21%；治疗用抗菌药物病原微生物标本送检率37.58%。结论：通过医院感染现患率调查，全面了解了本院医院感染现状，医院感染高发科室和关键环节是今后医院感染管理的重点。%Objective:To study the current situation and influencing factors of nosocomial infection of in-patients. In order to provide the scientific basis for perfecting some protective measures of hospital infection.Method:A cross-sectional study was carried out. That was to say combining clinical investigation and accessc the medical records. Statistical analysis of the survey data,which was investigated the prevalence of nosocomial infection of all in-patients during 0:00 am to 00:00 pm on July 9th,2013(not including the day of new patients).Result:The survey investigitions 654 cases which counted 99.54%. The nosocomial infection rate was 3.69%. Cases infection rate was 3.99%.Breathing machine correlation lung infection rate was 42.85%. The major infection part was lower respiratory tract,which was 61.54%. Hospital infection rates of top three departments,in turn,was ICU 40%neuro surgery 11.76%the emergency department 8.33%.In 26 cases of the nosocomial infection cases,17 samples were sent to check.The examination rate was 65.38%. There were 16 isolated pathogens.The most common pathogenic bacteria of nosocomial infection were gram-positive bacteria.Which was 62.50%.The second was fungi accounted for 31.25%.The percentage of anti-microbial application was 40.71%.One combination drug was used for 86.79%;two combination drugs for 13.21%.Treatment with anti-bacterial drugs specimens of pathogenic microorganism inspection rate of 37.58%.Conclusion:By investigating the prevalence of nosocomial infection,which provide an understanding of the updated situation.A high incidence of hospital infection in department and the key link is the focus of the hospital infection management in the future.
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