机械材料的选择是机械设计中极为关键的一步,需要考虑材料的机械性能、工艺性能、经济性以及环境属性. 机械材料的选择是一个多准则、多目标、多方案的决策问题,考虑到决策者决策的模糊性,提出一种基于模糊层次分析法的多目标决策问题的解决方案. 以材料的机械性能、工艺性能、经济性和环境属性为指标建立机械材料选择层次模型,应用基于三角模糊数的模糊层次分析法来求取各层次指标的权重,结合模糊综合评判法对待选材料进行评价,确定最佳材料. 最后,以一个汽车变速箱齿轮材料的选择为例,说明该方法的可行性与实用性.%The choice of mechanical material is a key step in mechanical design,the mechanical perform-ance, process performance, economic cost and environmental performance of the material should be consid-ered. And select the optimal material among many alternatives is a multi-criteria decision-making problem. After considering the vagueness and uncertainty on judgments of the decision-makers, then putting forward a solution to solve the multi-objective decision-making problem based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Es-tablish a hierarchical model of mechanical material selection which choose mechanical performance, process performance, economic cost and environmental performance of the material as its indexes, and decided each index weight by using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process with triangle fuzzy number. The best material is the one that got the highest scores after evaluating under the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Finally, an example of mechanical material selection is given to illustrate the feasibility and practicability of the meth-od.
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