By taking Gantang-Wuweinan railway reconstruction project as an example, the causation and characteristics of the soil and water loss caused by railway reconstruction in northwest China are summarized and analyzed. The soil and water conservation system should be constructied according to the design principle of "division control and adapting to local condi-tions". It has certain significance of reference for the prevention and control of the soil and water loss in the similar railway reconstruction projects in this region.%结合改建铁路干塘至武威南铁路增建二线工程，对西北地区改建铁路工程产生的水土流失成因、特点进行了分析总结。按照“分区防治、因地制宜”的设计思路，构建水土流失防治措施体系，对该区域类似工程的水土流失防治具有一定的借鉴意义。
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