对两种低温煤焦油进行了基础物性分析,采用双球计量管法测定了低温煤焦油馏分中的酚含量,用溶剂萃取法将120～320℃的馏分分离为酸性组分、碱性组分和中性组分,并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对各组分进行定性分析.实验结果表明,两种低温煤焦油中碱性组分含量很少(质量分数分别为1.23％和1.41％),酸性组分和中性组分含量较高；弱还原程度的陕北煤的低温煤焦油中,酸性组分的质量分数为25.19％,中性组分中二甲基萘的质量分数为10.72％；强还原程度的淮南煤的低温煤焦油中,酸性组分的质量分数为15.82％,中性组分中二甲基萘的质量分数高达16.49％；不同还原程度的煤低温热解焦油性质存在较大的差异.%Properties of the low-temperature coal tars derived from pyrolysis of the coals exploited in two different depositional environments were characterized. The phenol contents in the low-temperature coal tars were determined by means of dual-ball measuring pipe. The fractions in the temperature range of 120 - 320 ℃ in the tars were separated into three groups by solvent extraction method, namely acidic compounds, basic compounds and neutral compounds. The results showed that the contents of the basic compounds in the two tars were only 1. 23% and 1.41% , while contents of both the acidic compounds and the neutral compounds were higher. The main components in the acidic compounds and the neutral compounds were determined by means of GC-MS. The contents of the acidic compounds in the tars derived from Shanbei and Huainan coals were 25. 19% and 15. 82% , respectively. The content of dimethyl naphthalene in the neutral compounds obtained from the Shanbei coal tars was 10.72% , while that in the Huainan coal tars could reach 16.49%.
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