In order to investigate the mechanism of relationship between socioeconomic status ( SES) and health among urban elderly , this study followed up 2766 urban elderly in Shenyang City for nine years; and 506 deaths were utilized to analyze the structural relationship between SES , In order to investigate the mechanism of relationship between socioeconomic status ( SES) and health among urban elderly , this study followed up 2766 urban elderly in Shenyang City for nine years; and 506 deaths were utilized to analyze the structural relationship between SES , leisure activity , health status and survival time by Structural Equation Modeling .The results showed that SES not only had direct impacts on health status , but also affected health status by means of cultural leisure activity .However , SES and cultural leisure activity only demonstrated indirect effects on survival time via changing health status rather than exerting direct effects .Based on previous explanations of lifestyles and material resources on mechanism between SES and health , the study put forward cultural leisure activity as a complement mediator of the urban elderly health .The elderly with higher SES went outside frequently due to more cultural leisure activities , which promotes social health, abilities of daily living, and psychological health, prolong survival time indirectly.%为了探讨城市老年人社会经济地位影响健康的作用机制，本研究对沈阳市2766名城市老年人进行了9年的追踪调查，并使用结构方程模型分析506名死亡的老年人的社会经济地位、文化性闲暇活动与健康状态以及生存时间的结构关系。结果表明，社会经济地位一方面对健康状态具有直接影响，另一方面通过改变文化性闲暇活动对健康状态产生间接影响；社会经济地位和文化性闲暇活动通过改变健康状态对生存时间产生间接影响。本研究在社会经济地位影响健康的生活方式论和物质资源论的基础上，提出文化性闲暇活动论作为补充。社会经济地位较高的老年人仍然维持文化性闲暇活动，增加了其外出交往活动的事件，促进了社会健康，提高了生活能力，改善了精神健康，延长了生存时间。
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