工作记忆是一个容量有限的存储加工系统，其三个成分中央执行系统、语音环和视觉空间模板都与数学学习有着密切的关系。其中视觉空间模板对数学学习的预测力会随着年龄的增长而下降。关于这一随着年龄增长，视觉空间模板与数学学习之间相关性减弱的现象，发展的观点认为，随着年龄的增长，儿童会采用不同的学习策略。任务新颖性解释则认为，不管是成人还是儿童，当面对新颖且有难度的任务时都会依赖视觉空间模板去解决问题。领域特殊性观点认为，视觉空间模板在不同领域的数学学习中其重要性是不同的。本文主要列举了三种观点的基本思想及支持其思想的证据并且分析了三种观点的差异。未来研究主要在研究方法上要有所突破和创新。%Working memory is a limited storage capacity and pro-cessing system, and its three components including the central executive system, voice loop and visual-spatial templates are all closely related to mathematics learning. The predictive power of visual-spatial templates for mathematics learning will decline with the age. About this phenomenon, it is held that children will use different learning strategies from the perspective of develop-ment. From the perspective of novel tasks, it is held that both adults and children will depend on visual-spatial templates to solve problems when faced with new and difficult tasks. From the domain-specific point of view, the importance of visual-spatial templates is different in different areas of mathematics learning. This article lists the basic ideas of the three views and the evi-dences in support of the ideas and analyzes the differences be-tween the three views. Future researches will mainly make a breakthrough and innovation on research methods.
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