Opening reinforcement calculation is the basic and important work for boiler and pressure vessel design, area replacement method is the most popular method, in different standard, the basic theory are same, but the actual requirement ate different, at here, based on the area replacement method in ASME Section I Rules for Construction of Power Boilers, ASME Section VIII Div. 1 Rules for Construction of Pressure vessels ,'GB150 - 2011 Pressure vessel, GB/T9222 - 2008 Strength calculation of pressure parts for watertube boilers, author do the detail compare and discussion, make the summarize accordingly.%开孔补强是锅炉和压力容器设计中最基本但又重要的工作，等面积法是开孔补强计算方法中最广泛应用的计算方法，在不同的规范中，虽然等面积法的原理都完全相同，但具体算法和适用范围却各有差异，文中笔者将工作中经常用到的ASME第一卷动力锅炉建造规则，ASME第八卷第一分册压力容器建造规则，GBl50—2011压力容器，GB／T9222—2008水管锅炉受压元件强度计算四部标准中关于等面积法的部分进行了相应的比较和论述，并作了相关总结。
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