In order to provide theoretical support for the application of LED illuminant in the scale raising of broilers, the effects of LED light sources on broilers growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and the content of NH3, CO2, dust and microorganism of house air had been explored in this paper. One-factor completely random design was used in this study. A total of 240 one-day-old white feather broilers with good health were randomly distributed into two groups with 4 replications per group and 30 birds per replication. Trial group was illuminated with warm white LED-light, the control group was illuminated with warm white fluorescent lamps. The chicken were fed in the same conditions, and the growth conditions including the feed intake, daily gain, feed conversion ratio, morbidity and mortality were observed and determined. Total feces were collected for the apparent nutrient digestibility test of crude protein, crude fat, Ca, and P at the 8th, 15 th, 22th, and 28th day, respectively. And then the content of dust and microorganism were measured by gravimetric and plate sedimentation method, respectively. The content of NH3 and CO2 in the broilers house were detected on five points at 0.5 m high using photochemical method in every day at 08:00, 14:00 and 20:00. Results showed that compared with the fluorescent lamps, LED light sources were no adverse effects on growth performance, nutrient metabolism and house environmental quality of 8 to 20 days old broilers. LED light could improve the feed intake and daily gain of 22 to 28 days old broilers significantly, which were increased by 13.13% and 13.23%, respectively (P<0.05) compared with that of the fluorescent lamp group. LED light source was beneficial to increase the average daily intake and average daily increase quality of the 22-28 days old broilers, compared with the fluorescent lamp, which were significantly increased by 13.13% and 13.23%, respectively (P<0.05). LED light source could also improve the apparent digestibility of crude protein, calcium and phosphorus in the 22 to 28 days old chicken; In the 22th day, it was significantly increased by 9.45%, 14.90% and 7.48% (P<0.05) respectively compared with the fluorescent henhouse group; In the 28th day, it was increased by 7.30%, 6.78% and 8.29% (P<0.05), respectively. During the experiment, the morbidity of chicken in the LED light source group was 2.45%, significantly lower than the incidence of 3.57% in the fluorescent lamp group (P<0.05). The mortality of chicken in the house with LED light source was 1.18%, which was significantly lower than the 2.36% of the fluorescent lamp (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the concentration of NH3 after 25 days and the concentration of dust and microorganism after 22 days in the LED light source house were significantly lower than that of fluorescent lamps group. Therefor the LED light source could improve the production performance of broilers and the air environmental quality of chicken living space. Because of the characteristics of safety, economy and environmental protection, the LED light source is worth further promotion and application in the livestock breeding production.%探讨全封闭饲养条件下,LED光源对肉鸡生产性能,养分表观消化率和鸡舍空气中NH3、CO2、粉尘浓度,以及空气微生物含量的影响.试验于2017年3月2日至3月30日在河南省某农业集团一大型肉鸡场进行.选用健康状况良好、体况一致的1日龄白羽肉鸡240只,采用单因子完全随机试验设计,分为2个处理组,一组采用暖白色光LED灯光源照明为试验组,另一组采用普通暖白色荧光灯光源照明为对照组.试验期间详细观察肉鸡生产情况,分别计算平均日采食量、平均日增质量、料质量比、发病率以及死淘率.于肉鸡8、15、22和28日龄当日全收粪法测定粗蛋白、粗脂肪、钙和磷的表观消化率.试验期间每天08:00,14:00和20:00,采用光化学方法分别在两栋鸡舍内测量NH3和CO2浓度,测量点分布依据五点法,测量高度为0.5 m.分别对8、15、22和28日龄的鸡舍,采用质量法测定粉尘含量,平板沉降法测定空气微生物含量.结果表明,与荧光灯相比,LED光源对8~22日龄肉鸡的生产性能、养分代谢及其生存环境质量没有不利影响.LED光源有利于提高22~28日龄肉鸡的平均日采食量和平均日增质量,分别比荧光灯光源下的肉鸡显著增加了13.13%和13.23%(P<0.05).LED光源有利于提高22~28日龄肉鸡对饲料中粗蛋白,钙和磷的表观消化率,22日龄时,分别比荧光灯鸡舍的肉鸡显著提高了9.45%,14.90%和7.48%(P<0.05),28日龄时分别提高了7.30%,6.78%和8.29%(P<0.05).试验期间LED光源鸡舍内肉鸡发病率为2.45%,显著低于荧光灯鸡舍3.57%的发病率(P<0.05).LED光源鸡舍内肉鸡死淘率为1.18%,显著低于荧光灯鸡舍2.36%的死淘率(P<0.05).同时,LED光源鸡舍的25日龄以后的NH3浓度、22日龄以后的粉尘和微生物浓度均显著低于荧光灯光源鸡舍(P<0.05).因此,LED光源有利提高肉鸡的生产性能和改善肉鸡生活空间的空气环境质量,加之LED光源在养殖生产上的应用具有安全、经济、环保的特点,值得进一步推广和应用.
展开▼
