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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity >Towards an understanding of salient neighborhood boundaries: adolescent reports of an easy walking distance and convenient driving distance
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Towards an understanding of salient neighborhood boundaries: adolescent reports of an easy walking distance and convenient driving distance

机译：理解主要邻域边界：青少年报告步行距离和驾车距离都很方便

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Numerous studies have examined the association between the surrounding neighborhood environment and physical activity levels in adolescents. Many of these studies use a road network buffer or Euclidean distance buffer around an adolescent's home to represent the appropriate geographic area for study (i.e., neighborhood). However, little empirical research has examined the appropriate buffer size to use when defining this area and there is little consistency across published research as to the buffer size used. In this study, 909 12th grade adolescent girls of diverse racial and geographic backgrounds were asked to report their perceptions of an easy walking distance and a convenient driving distance. These two criterions are often used as the basis for defining one's neighborhood.The mean easy walking distance in minutes reported by adolescent girls was 14.8 minutes (SD = 8.7). The mean convenient driving distance in minutes reported was 17.9 minutes (SD = 10.8). Nested linear multivariate regression models found significant differences in reported 'easy walking distance' across race and BMI. White adolescents reported on average almost 2 minutes longer for an easy walking distance compared to African American adolescents. Adolescents who were not overweight or at risk for overweight reported almost 2 minutes fewer for an easy walking distance relative to those who were overweight or at risk for overweight. Significant differences by urban status were found in the reported 'convenient driving distance'. Those living in non-urban areas reported on average 3.2 minutes more driving time as convenient compared to those living in urban areas. Very little variability in reported walking and driving distances was explained by the predictors used in the models (i.e., age, race, BMI, physical activity levels, urban status and SES).This study suggests the use of a 0.75 mile buffer to represent an older female adolescent's neighborhood, which can be accessed through walking. However, determining the appropriate area inclusive of car travel should be tailored to the geographic location of the adolescent since non-urban adolescents are willing to spend more time driving to destinations. Further research is needed to understand the substantial variability across adolescent perceptions of an easy walking and convenient driving distance.
机译：许多研究检查了周围社区环境与青少年身体活动水平之间的关联。这些研究中的许多研究都在青少年家庭附近使用路网缓冲区或欧几里得距离缓冲区来表示要研究的适当地理区域（即邻里）。但是，很少有实证研究检查在定义此区域时要使用的适当缓冲区大小，并且有关已使用缓冲区大小的已发表研究之间几乎没有一致性。在这项研究中，要求909名12岁的具有不同种族和地理背景的青春期女孩报告他们对轻松步行距离和便捷驾驶距离的看法。这两个标准通常被用作定义一个人的邻居的依据。青春期女孩报告的以分钟为单位的平均步行距离为14.8分钟（SD = 8.7）。报告的以分钟为单位的平均便捷行驶距离为17.9分钟（SD = 10.8）。嵌套线性多元回归模型发现种族和BMI之间报告的“轻松步行距离”存在显着差异。与非裔美国人相比，白人青少年平均步行距离要平均多出近2分钟。与那些超重或有超重危险的青少年相比，未超重或有超重危险的青少年步行距离少了近2分钟。在报告的“便捷行驶距离”中，发现城市状况存在显着差异。居住在非城市地区的人比居住在城市地区的人平均方便行驶时间多出3.2分钟。模型中使用的预测变量（例如年龄，种族，BMI，身体活动水平，城市状况和SES）解释了报告的步行和驾车距离变化很小。这项研究建议使用0.75英里的缓冲区来表示可以通过步行进入年龄较大的女性青少年社区。但是，确定适合的区域（包括汽车旅行）应适合青少年的地理位置，因为非城市青少年愿意花更多时间开车前往目的地。需要进一步的研究来了解青少年对轻松步行和便捷行驶距离的认知之间的巨大差异。

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