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Individual Rules for Trail Pattern Formation in Argentine Ants (Linepithema humile)

机译：阿根廷蚂蚁（Linepithema humile）的足迹模式形成的个别规则

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We studied the formation of trail patterns by Argentine ants exploring an empty arena. Using a novel imaging and analysis technique we estimated pheromone concentrations at all spatial positions in the experimental arena and at different times. Then we derived the response function of individual ants to pheromone concentrations by looking at correlations between concentrations and changes in speed or direction of the ants. Ants were found to turn in response to local pheromone concentrations, while their speed was largely unaffected by these concentrations. Ants did not integrate pheromone concentrations over time, with the concentration of pheromone in a 1 cm radius in front of the ant determining the turning angle. The response to pheromone was found to follow a Weber's Law, such that the difference between quantities of pheromone on the two sides of the ant divided by their sum determines the magnitude of the turning angle. This proportional response is in apparent contradiction with the well-established non-linear choice function used in the literature to model the results of binary bridge experiments in ant colonies (Deneubourg et al. 1990). However, agent based simulations implementing the Weber's Law response function led to the formation of trails and reproduced results reported in the literature. We show analytically that a sigmoidal response, analogous to that in the classical Deneubourg model for collective decision making, can be derived from the individual Weber-type response to pheromone concentrations that we have established in our experiments when directional noise around the preferred direction of movement of the ants is assumed.
机译：我们研究了阿根廷蚂蚁探索空旷竞技场时步道模式的形成。使用新颖的成像和分析技术，我们估计了实验领域中所有空间位置以及不同时间的信息素浓度。然后，我们通过查看浓度与蚂蚁速度或方向变化之间的相关性，得出单个蚂蚁对信息素浓度的响应函数。发现蚂蚁响应于局部信息素的浓度而转向，而它们的速度在很大程度上不受这些浓度的影响。蚂蚁未随时间积分信息素浓度，而蚂蚁前方1 cm半径内的信息素浓度决定了转向角。发现对信息素的反应遵循韦伯定律，这样，蚂蚁两侧信息素的数量之差除以它们的总和即可确定转角的大小。这种比例响应与文献中用来建立蚁群二元桥实验结果模型的文献中建立的非线性选择函数明显矛盾（Deneubourg et al。1990）。但是，基于代理的模拟实现了韦伯定律响应功能，导致形成了痕迹，并复制了文献中报道的结果。我们通过分析显示，类似于经典Deneubourg模型中用于集体决策的S型响应，可以从我们在实验中确定的，当围绕首选运动方向的方向噪声产生的单个Weber型对信息素浓度的响应中得出。的蚂蚁是假定的。

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