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Nucleotide polymorphisms and protein structure changes in the Fg16 gene of Fusarium graminearum sensu stricto

机译：禾谷镰刀菌Fg16基因的核苷酸多态性和蛋白质结构变化

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Fusarium graminearum is one of the most important causes of wheat scab in different parts of the world. This fungus is able to produce widespread trichothecene mycotoxins such as nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenol (DON) which are harmful for both human and animals. The Fg16 target is located in chromosome 1 of the F. graminearum genome coding for a hypothetical protein whose function is not yet known. The Fg16 gene is involved in lipid biosynthesis and leads to sexual development during colonization in wheat stalks. This gene is used to detect F. graminearum and determine the lineage of F. graminearum complex species. In the present study, polymerase chain reaction–single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR–SSCP) and DNA sequencing methods were employed in screening for genetic variation in 172 F. graminearum s.s. isolates. The PCR reaction forced the amplification of 410-bp fragments of Fg16. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (T82C and A352T) and one amino acid exchange (C65S) with three patterns (TA/TA, CT/CT and TA/CT genotypes) were found in the Fg16 gene fragment. Two haplotypes, 1A and 1B, were identified within F. graminearum s.s. populations in northern and western regions of Iran. Two different secondary structures of protein were predicted for CT/CT and TA/CT genotypes of Fg16 gene. The average diversity levels detected were relatively high (He: 0.3238; Heu: 0.334; Ho: 0.2894; mean PIC: 0.514; mean Shannon's information index: 0.4132; mean number of alleles per locus: 1.473). On the basis of the obtained results, it was revealed that the Fg16 gene had a high degree of polymorphism that can be considered for future control programming strategies and thus the associations between the SSCP patterns with different traits of F. graminearum such as wheat colonization, perithecium formation on stalk tissues and lineage discrimination should be investigated.
机译：禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum）是世界不同地区小麦结ab的最重要原因之一。这种真菌能够产生对人体和动物都有害的广泛的单端孢霉菌真菌毒素，如新雪莲醇（NIV）和脱氧雪莲烯醇（DON）。 Fg16靶标位于禾谷镰刀菌基因组的1号染色体上，该染色体编码一种功能未知的假设蛋白质。 Fg16基因参与脂质生物合成，并在小麦秸秆定植过程中导致性发育。该基因用于检测禾本科镰刀菌并确定禾本科镰刀菌复合物物种的谱系。在本研究中，采用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性（PCR-SSCP）和DNA测序方法筛选了172个禾谷镰刀菌的遗传变异。隔离株。 PCR反应迫使Fg16的410bp片段的扩增。在Fg16基因片段中发现了两个单核苷酸多态性（T82C和A352T）和一个具有三种模式（TA / TA，CT / CT和TA / CT基因型）的氨基酸交换（C65S）。在禾谷镰刀菌中鉴定出两个单倍型1A和1B。伊朗北部和西部地区的人口。预测Fg16基因的CT / CT和TA / CT基因型有两种不同的蛋白质二级结构。检测到的平均多样性水平相对较高（He：0.3238； Hue：0.334； Ho：0.2894；平均PIC：0.514；平均香农信息指数：0.4132；平均每个位点的等位基因数目：1.473）。根据获得的结果，揭示了Fg16基因具有高度的多态性，可用于将来的控制编程策略，因此，SSCP模式与禾本科镰刀菌的不同性状（如小麦定植，应研究茎组织上的皮层形成和谱系辨别。

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