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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Diversity and evolution of 11 innate immune genes in Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus cattle
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Diversity and evolution of 11 innate immune genes in Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus cattle

机译：金牛（Bos taurus taurus taurus）和金牛（Bos taurus indicus）中11个先天免疫基因的多样性和进化

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摘要

The Toll-like receptor (TLR) and peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) genes play key roles in the innate immune systems of mammals. While the TLRs recognize a variety of invading pathogens and induce innate immune responses, PGLYRP1 is directly microbicidal. We used custom allele-specific assays to genotype and validate 220 diallelic variants, including 54 nonsynonymous SNPs in 11 bovine innate immune genes (TLR1-TLR10, PGLYRP1) for 37 cattle breeds. Bayesian haplotype reconstructions and median joining networks revealed haplotype sharing between Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus breeds at every locus, and we were unable to differentiate between the specialized B. t. taurus beef and dairy breeds, despite an average polymorphism density of one locus per 219 bp. Ninety-nine tagSNPs and one tag insertion-deletion polymorphism were sufficient to predict 100% of the variation at all 11 innate immune loci in both subspecies and their hybrids, whereas 58 tagSNPs captured 100% of the variation at 172 loci in B. t. taurus. PolyPhen and SIFT analyses of nonsynonymous SNPs encoding amino acid replacements indicated that the majority of these substitutions were benign, but up to 31% were expected to potentially impact protein function. Several diversity-based tests provided support for strong purifying selection acting on TLR10 in B. t. taurus cattle. These results will broadly impact efforts related to bovine translational genomics.
机译：Toll样受体（TLR）和肽聚糖识别蛋白1（PGLYRP1）基因在哺乳动物的先天免疫系统中起关键作用。虽然TLR识别多种入侵病原体并诱导先天免疫应答，但PGLYRP1直接具有杀微生物作用。我们使用定制的等位基因特异性测定法进行基因分型，并验证了37种牛的11种牛先天免疫基因（TLR1-TLR10，PGLYRP1）中的54个非同义SNP的220个拨号变体。贝叶斯单倍型重建和中值连接网络揭示了在每个基因座上的金牛座和印度金牛座品种之间的单倍型共享，我们无法区分专业的B. t。金牛座牛和奶牛品种，尽管平均多态性密度为每219 bp一个位点。九十九个tagSNP和一个标签插入-缺失多态性足以预测亚种及其杂种的所有11个先天免疫基因座中100％的变异，而58个tagSNP捕获了B. t中172个基因座的100％变异。金牛座。 PolyPhen和SIFT对编码氨基酸置换的非同义SNP的分析表明，这些置换中的大多数是良性的，但预计高达31％的潜在影响蛋白质功能。几种基于多样性的测试为在B. t。金牛座牛。这些结果将广泛影响与牛翻译基因组学有关的工作。

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