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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Food Insecurity in the Context of the Economic Crisis in Brazil

机译：巴西经济危机背景下与粮食不安全状况相关的普遍性和因素

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>Background: The Brazilian economy has been officially in recession since 2014. Since then, there has been an increase in the unemployment rate, cost of food, and cuts in the budgets of social programs, among other situations that may interfere with the food security of the population. >Objectives: The aims of this study were to identify the prevalence of and factors associated with food insecurity (FI) in Alagoas, one of the poorest states in Brazil, and to discuss the results in the context of the national economic crisis. >Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in a probabilistic sample of 3366 families. FI was identified on the basis of the Brazilian Food Insecurity Measurement. The associations with independent variables that achieved P < 0.2 (by chi-square test) in the crude analysis were submitted to multivariable analysis. >Results: The observed prevalence of FI was 58.3% (33.1%, 17.9%, and 7.3% for mild, moderate, and severe FI, respectively), which is considerably higher than the 34.6% found in 2013 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics before the worsening of the economic crisis. The factors independently associated with FI in this study included the following: female head of household, head of the family having no income, female head of household being overweight, ≥4 family members, ≤4 rooms in the house, household income less than the minimum wage, family belonging to the lower economic classes (D or E), using the Bolsa Família program, residing in a nonmasonry house, or not residing in their own house. >Conclusions: The prevalence of FI in Alagoas is very high, and considering previous studies, there was a marked increase in FI during the Brazilian economic crisis. All associated factors are related to the greater social vulnerability of the family. The present data point to the need to strengthen public policies for health promotion, education, employment, and income and to ensure the human right to adequate food, with the aim of reducing social vulnerability within the family in a sustainable way. In addition, this study contributes to the understanding of how national conditions can influence household-level FI.
机译：>背景：巴西经济自2014年以来就开始正式陷入衰退。从那时起，失业率上升，食品成本上升，社会计划预算削减等情况出现。可能会干扰人民的粮食安全。 >目标：本研究的目的是确定巴西最贫穷的州之一的阿拉戈斯的粮食不安全（FI）的患病率和相关因素，并讨论与粮食不安全有关的结果。国家经济危机。 >方法：这是一项对3366个家庭的概率样本进行的横断面研究。 FI是根据巴西食品不安全性评估确定的。在粗略分析中具有自变量P达到0.2（通过卡方检验）的关联将进行多变量分析。 >结果：观察到的FI患病率为58.3％（轻度，中度和重度FI的患病率分别为33.1％，17.9％和7.3％），大大高于2013年的34.6％在经济危机恶化之前，由巴西地理与统计研究所提供。在这项研究中与FI独立相关的因素包括：女户主，无收入的家庭户主，女户主超重，≥4个家庭成员，≤4个房间的屋子，家庭收入少于最低工资，使用BolsaFamília计划属于较低经济阶层（D或E）的家庭，居住在非砖石房屋中，或不居住在自己的房屋中。 >结论：在阿拉戈斯，金融中介的流行率很高，考虑到以前的研究，巴西经济危机期间金融中介的显着增加。所有相关因素都与家庭更大的社会脆弱性有关。目前的数据表明，有必要加强促进健康，教育，就业和收入的公共政策，并确保获得充足食物的人权，以可持续方式减少家庭中的社会脆弱性。此外，这项研究有助于了解国情如何影响家庭级金融体系。

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