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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Sports Science Medicine >Physiological Responses to Heat Acclimation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
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Physiological Responses to Heat Acclimation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

机译：生理对热适应的反应：随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析。

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The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of heat acclimatization (HA) on time trial (TT) performance, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), exercise heart rate (HRE), time trials heart rate (HRTT), maximal heart rate (HRM), core temperature (TC), mean skin temperature (TS), thermal comfort (TComf), plasma volume (PV), blood lactate concentration and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Cochrane-CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL and PubMed databases and reference lists of included studies were searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the efficacy of HA in athletes. Data were then extracted from the entered studies for analyses. A total of 11 randomised controlled trials (215 participants; mean age, 26.09 years; 91% men) were included after screening of 508 titles and abstracts and 19 full-text articles. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) between the HA and non-HA groups were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.97, p = 0.04) for TT performance and 1 (95% CI: 1 to 2, p = 0.007) for HRTT. The pooled mean difference (MD) between the HA and non-HA groups were -7 (95% CI: -13 to -1, p = 0.03) for HRM. The changes in TComf and RPE were too small to be meaningful. There were no significant differences between the HA and non-HA groups for VO2max, HRE, TC, TS, PV and blood lactate concentration (all p > 0.05). This meta-analysis implies that HA may improve tolerance to discomfort during heat exposure, but may not necessarily improve the associated physiological markers of improved performance.Key points class="unordered" style="list-style-type:disc">The primary finding of this analysis is that athletic performance is improved with heat acclimatization trainingOur analysis was unable to determine the physiological variable(s) that are associated with improved performanceAfter heat acclimatization training athletes may be able to tolerate greater levels of thermal stress but our analysis was unable to determine physiological markers of adaption
机译：这项荟萃分析的目的是评估热适应（HA）在计时试验（TT）性能，最大摄氧量（VO2max），运动心率（HRE），计时试验心率（HRTT），最大心脏的有效性速率（HRM），核心温度（TC），平均皮肤温度（TS），热舒适度（TComf），血浆体积（PV），血液乳酸浓度和感知劳累率（RPE）。搜索Cochrane-CENTRAL，EMBASE，CINAHL和PubMed数据库以及纳入研究的参考文献列表，以研究调查HA在运动员中功效的随机对照试验。然后从输入的研究中提取数据进行分析。在筛选了508篇标题和摘要以及19篇全文之后，共纳入11项随机对照试验（215名参与者；平均年龄26.09岁； 91％的男性）。对于TT性能，HA组和非HA组之间的合并标准平均差（SMD）为0.50（95％CI：0.03至0.97，p = 0.04），对于TT性能为1（95％CI：1-2，p = 0.007）。 HRTT。对于HRM，HA组与非HA组之间的合并平均差（MD）为-7（95％CI：-13至-1，p = 0.03）。 TComf和RPE的更改太小而没有意义。 HA组和非HA组之间的VO2max，HRE，TC，TS，PV和血乳酸浓度无显着差异（所有p> 0.05）。这项荟萃分析表明，HA可以提高热暴露期间对不适的耐受性，但不一定可以改善改善性能的相关生理指标。要点 class =“ unordered” style =“ list-style-type：disc”> <！-list-behavior =无序前缀-word = mark-type = disc max-label-size = 0-> 该分析的主要发现是通过热适应训练可以改善运动表现 我们的分析无法确定与提高表现有关的生理变量 进行热适应训练后，运动员也许能够忍受更高水平的热应激，但我们的分析无法确定适应的生理指标

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