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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of the South African Veterinary Association >Repellent activities of dichloromethane extract of Allium sativum (garlic) (Liliaceae) against Hyalomma rufipes (Acari)
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Repellent activities of dichloromethane extract of Allium sativum (garlic) (Liliaceae) against Hyalomma rufipes (Acari)

机译：大蒜（茄科）（茄科）二氯甲烷提取物对红斑假单胞菌（Acari）的驱避活性

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Dichloromethane (DCM) extract of garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) bulbs was assessed for its repellent effect against the hard tick, Hyalomma rufipes (Acari: Ixodidae) using two tick behavioural bioassays; Type A and Type B repellency bioassays, under laboratory conditions. These bioassays exploit the questing behaviour of H. rufipes, a tick that in nature displays ambush strategy, seeking its host by climbing up on vegetation and attaching to a passing host. One hundred microlitres (100 µL) of the test solution containing DCM extract of garlic bulbs and DCM at concentrations of 0.35%, 0.7% or 1.4% w/v were evaluated. DCM only was used for control. Tick repellency increased significantly (R2 = 0.98) with increasing concentration (40.03% – 86.96%) yielding an EC50 of 0.45% w/v in Type B repellency bioassay. At concentration of 1.4% w/v, the DCM extract of garlic bulbs produced high repellency index of 87% (male ticks) and 87.5% (female ticks) in the Type A repellency bioassay. Only 4% avoidance of male ticks or female ticks was recorded in the Type B repellency bioassay. In the corresponding controls, the mean numbers of non-repelled male or female ticks were 80% and 41 males or 38 females of 50 ticks in the Type A and Type B repellency bioassays, respectively. The variations in the results could be attributed to the difference in tick repellent behaviours that were assessed by the two repellency bioassays; the Type A repellency bioassay assessed repellent effect of garlic extracts without discriminating between deterrence and avoidance whereas the Type B repellency bioassay only assessed avoidance response. Generally, DCM extract of garlic was repellent against H. rufipes, albeit weak tick repellency was obtained in the Type B repellency bioassay. Furthermore, this study established that the tick repellent activity of garlic extracts is predominantly by deterrence.
机译：使用两种tick行为生物学分析方法评估了大蒜（Allium sativum Linn。）鳞茎的二氯甲烷（DCM）提取物对硬壁虱（Hyalomma rufipes）（Acari：Ixodidae）的驱避作用。在实验室条件下进行A型和B型驱避性生物测定。这些生物测定法利用了rufipes的搜寻行为，该a在自然中表现出伏击策略，通过爬上植被并附着在经过的宿主上来寻找宿主。评估了包含0.35％，0.7％或1.4％w / v浓度的大蒜鳞茎DCM提取物和DCM的一百微升（100 µL）测试溶液。仅使用DCM进行控制。随着浓度（40.03％– 86.96％）的增加，虫拒虫性显着提高（R 2 = 0.98），在B型拒虫性生物测定中产生的EC50为0.45％w / v。在1.4％w / v的浓度下，大蒜鳞茎的DCM提取物在A型驱避性生物测定中产生了87％（雄tick）和87.5％（雌tick）的高驱避指数。在B型驱避性生物测定中，仅记录了4％的男性male虫或女性tick虫回避率。在相应的对照中，在A型和B型驱避性生物测定中，不驱除的雄tick的平均数分别为80％和41雄或38雌50 s。结果的差异可能归因于两种驱虫生物测定法所评估的tick驱蚊行为的差异。 A型驱避生物测定法评估了大蒜提取物的驱避效果，而没有区分威慑和回避，而B型驱避生物测定法仅评估了回避反应。通常，大蒜的DCM提取物具有抗红褐线虫的能力，尽管在B型排斥性生物测定中获得了较弱的tick虱排斥性。此外，这项研究还确定了大蒜提取物的抗虱子活性主要是由威慑作用引起的。

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