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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences >Reflections on the development of health economics in low- and middle-income countries
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Reflections on the development of health economics in low- and middle-income countries

机译：对中低收入国家卫生经济学发展的思考

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摘要

Health economics is a relatively new discipline, though its antecedents can be traced back to William Petty FRS (1623–1687). In high-income countries, the academic discipline and scientific literature have grown rapidly since the 1960s. In low- and middle-income countries, the growth of health economics has been strongly influenced by trends in health policy, especially among the international and bilateral agencies involved in supporting health sector development. Valuable and influential research has been done in areas such as cost–benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis, financing of healthcare, healthcare provision, and health systems analysis, but there has been insufficient questioning of the relevance of theories and policy recommendations in the rich world literature to the circumstances of poorer countries. Characteristics such as a country's economic structure, strength of political and social institutions, management capacity, and dependence on external agencies, mean that theories and models cannot necessarily be transferred between settings. Recent innovations in the health economics literature on low- and middle-income countries indicate how health economics can be shaped to provide more relevant advice for policy. For this to be taken further, it is critical that such countries develop stronger capacity for health economics within their universities and research institutes, with greater local commitment of funding.
机译：卫生经济学是一门相对较新的学科，尽管其前身可以追溯到William Petty FRS（1623-1687）。自1960年代以来，在高收入国家，学科和科学文献发展迅速。在中低收入国家，卫生经济学的增长受到卫生政策趋势的强烈影响，特别是参与支持卫生部门发展的国际和双边机构。在诸如成本效益和成本效益分析，医疗保健筹资，医疗保健提供和卫生系统分析等领域已经进行了有价值的和有影响力的研究，但是对富裕世界中理论和政策建议的相关性的质疑不足有关较贫穷国家情况的文献。一个国家的经济结构，政治和社会机构的实力，管理能力以及对外部机构的依赖等特征意味着理论和模型不一定在环境之间转移。关于中低收入国家的卫生经济学文献的最新创新表明，如何调整卫生经济学以为政策提供更多相关建议。为了使这一点更进一步，至关重要的是，这些国家必须在其大学和研究机构内部建立更强的卫生经济学能力，并在地方上加大投入力度。

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