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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Applied and Environmental Microbiology >Mycotoxins produced from fungi isolated from foodstuffs and soil: comparison of toxicity in fibroblasts and rat feeding tests.
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Mycotoxins produced from fungi isolated from foodstuffs and soil: comparison of toxicity in fibroblasts and rat feeding tests.

机译：从食品和土壤中分离出的真菌产生的霉菌毒素：成纤维细胞和大鼠摄食试验中毒性的比较。

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Thirty-nine isolates of fungi obtained from foodstuffs and soil samples from various parts of the world have been identified. The isolates were grown on a solid rice medium, and extracts were prepared with 50% aqueous methanol. The extracts were examined for toxicity in the following systems: (i) cytotoxicity to cultured normal human diploid skin fibroblasts (proliferating and nonproliferating) and mouse fibroblasts; (ii) skin toxicity after topical application on rats; and (iii) rat feeding tests in which rats were examined for death, overt pathological effects including congestion and hemorrhage of tissues, weight loss, food refusal, and uterine growth. Sixteen culture extracts were highly toxic as indicated by death, congestion and hemorrhage of tissues, and net weight loss. One half of the isolates were highly cytotoxic (50% lethal concentration, 0.01 to 5 micrograms/ml) as indicated by the ability to cause death and disintegration of 3T3 Swiss mouse fibroblasts and human diploid skin fibroblasts during 3 to 4 days in culture. The remainder were moderately cytotoxic (50% lethal concentration, 5 to 250 micrograms/ml). Four culture extracts were highly toxic by some clinical criteria but did not cause congestion and hemorrhage of tissues and were weakly cytotoxic (50% lethal concentration, 250 to 5,000 micrograms/ml). Six culture extracts exhibited moderate toxicity (weight loss only) and low cytotoxicity (50% lethal concentration, 3,000 to 50,000 micrograms/ml). Four culture extracts caused uterine enlargement as the major clinical sign, suggesting the presence of zearalenone. Eleven culture extracts were weakly cytotoxic and caused no major clinical signs, except skin toxicity in two extracts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
机译：从世界各地的食品和土壤样品中分离出39种真菌。将分离物在固体大米培养基上生长，并用50％甲醇水溶液制备提取物。在以下系统中检查提取物的毒性：（i）对培养的正常人二倍体皮肤成纤维细胞（增殖和不增殖）和小鼠成纤维细胞的细胞毒性； （ii）对大鼠局部应用后的皮肤毒性； （iii）大鼠摄食试验，其中检查了大鼠的死亡，明显的病理学影响，包括组织的充血和出血，体重减轻，拒食和子宫生长。如死亡，组织的充血和出血以及净体重减轻所示，十六种培养物提取物具有剧毒。分离物的一半具有高度的细胞毒性（50％的致死浓度，0.01至5微克/毫升），可通过培养3至4天引起3T3 Swiss小鼠成纤维细胞和人类二倍体皮肤成纤维细胞死亡和崩解的能力来表明。其余为中等细胞毒性（50％致死浓度，5至250微克/毫升）。从某些临床标准来看，四种培养物提取物具有高毒性，但不会引起组织充血和出血，并且具有弱细胞毒性（50％致死浓度，250至5,000微克/毫升）。六种培养物提取物表现出中等毒性（仅减肥）和低细胞毒性（50％致死浓度，3,000至50,000微克/毫升）。四种培养物提取物引起子宫肿大是主要的临床体征，提示存在玉米赤霉烯酮。 11种培养物提取物具有微弱的细胞毒性，除了两种提取物对皮肤的毒性外，没有引起重大的临床体征。（摘要截断为250字）

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