首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy >Combinatorial Pharmacodynamics of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam against Genotypically Defined β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli: Insights into the Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics of β-Lactam–β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations
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Combinatorial Pharmacodynamics of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam against Genotypically Defined β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli: Insights into the Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics of β-Lactam–β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations

机译:头孢洛氮他唑巴坦对基因型定义的产生β-内酰胺酶的大肠杆菌的组合药效学:β-内酰胺-β-内酰胺酶抑制剂组合的药代动力学/药效学的见解

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摘要

Despite a dearth of new agents currently being developed to combat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens, the combination of ceftolozane and tazobactam was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat complicated intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections. To characterize the activity of the combination product, time-kill studies were conducted against 4 strains of Escherichia coli that differed in the type of β-lactamase they expressed. The four investigational strains included 2805 (no β-lactamase), 2890 (AmpC β-lactamase), 2842 (CMY-10 β-lactamase), and 2807 (CTX-M-15 β-lactamase), with MICs to ceftolozane of 0.25, 4, 8, and >128 mg/liter with no tazobactam, and MICs of 0.25, 1, 4, and 8 mg/liter with 4 mg/liter tazobactam, respectively. All four strains were exposed to a 6 by 5 array of ceftolozane (0, 1, 4, 16, 64, and 256 mg/liter) and tazobactam (0, 1, 4, 16, and 64 mg/liter) over 48 h using starting inocula of 106 and 108 CFU/ml. While ceftolozane-tazobactam achieved bactericidal activity against all 4 strains, the concentrations of ceftolozane and tazobactam required for a ≥3-log reduction varied between the two starting inocula and the 4 strains. At both inocula, the Hill plots (R2 > 0.882) of ceftolozane revealed significantly higher 50% effective concentrations (EC50s) at tazobactam concentrations of ≤4 mg/liter than those at concentrations of ≥16 mg/liter (P < 0.01). Moreover, the EC50s at 108 CFU/ml were 2.81 to 66.5 times greater than the EC50s at 106 CFU/ml (median, 10.7-fold increase; P = 0.002). These promising results indicate that ceftolozane-tazobactam achieves bactericidal activity against a wide range of β-lactamase-producing E. coli strains.
机译:尽管目前缺乏新的药物来对抗多重耐药的革兰氏阴性病原体,但是头孢洛赞和他唑巴坦的组合最近被食品和药物管理局批准用于治疗复杂的腹腔和尿路感染。为了表征组合产物的活性,针对它们表达的β-内酰胺酶类型不同的4种大肠杆菌进行了时间杀灭研究。四个研究菌株包括2805(无β-内酰胺酶),2890(AmpCβ-内酰胺酶),2842(CMY-10β-内酰胺酶)和2807(CTX-M-15β-内酰胺酶),其中MIC的头孢洛z含量为0.25没有他唑巴坦的情况下,其最大,最大浓度为4、8,> 128毫克/升,使用他唑巴坦的MIC分别为0.25、1、4和8毫克/升。在48小时内,将全部四个菌株暴露于6×5阵列的头孢洛赞(0、1、4、16、64和256 mg / l)和他唑巴坦(0、1、4、16、64和64 mg / l)使用10 6 和10 8 CFU / ml的起始接种量。尽管头孢唑烷-他唑巴坦对所有4个菌株均具有杀菌活性,但减少≥3log的所需头孢唑烷和他唑巴坦的浓度在两个起始接种物和4个菌株之间变化。在两个接种物中,头孢洛z的希尔图(R 2 8 CFU / ml时的EC50值是10 6 CFU / ml时的EC50值的2.81至66.5倍(中位数,增加了10.7倍; P = 0.002 )。这些有希望的结果表明,头孢噻嗪-他唑巴坦对多种产生β-内酰胺酶的大肠杆菌菌株具有杀菌活性。

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