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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Animal Nutrition >Responses of milk production of dairy cows to jugular infusions of a mixture of essential amino acids with or without exclusion leucine or arginine
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Responses of milk production of dairy cows to jugular infusions of a mixture of essential amino acids with or without exclusion leucine or arginine

机译：乳牛产奶对颈静脉输注含或不含排泄亮氨酸或精氨酸的必需氨基酸混合物的反应

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摘要

The purpose of this study was to determine effects of jugular infusion of either balanced or imbalanced amino acid mixture on milk production and composition in dairy cows. Eight mid-lactation Holstein cows were randomly assigned to 5-d continuous jugular infusions of saline (CTL), essential amino acid (EAA) mixture prepared on the profile of casein (CSN, 160 g/d), EAA mixture excluding leucine (Leu) (−Leu, 163 g/d) or EAA mixture excluding arginine (Arg) (−Arg, 158 g/d) in a duplicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 4 infusion periods separated by a 7-d interval period. The basal diet was formulated with corn grain, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, corn silage, alfalfa hay and Chinese wildrye grass hay according to NRC (2001) and supplied 1.6 Mcal net energy for lactation (NEL) and 94.4 g metabolizable protein (MP) per kg dry matter (DM) to meet requirements for lactation. The results showed that the dry matter intake (DMI) and normal physiological status were not affected by amino acid mixture infusions. Compared with CTL treatment, the CSN treatment increased milk yield (14.9%, P < 0.001), milk lactose yield (14.5%, P = 0.001), milk fat yield (16.6%, P = 0.01), milk protein yield (18.2%, P < 0.001) and the contents of αS1-casein (αS1-CN, 11.8%, P = 0.007), β-casein (β-CN, 4.2%, P = 0.035) and κ-casein (κ-CN, 8.5%, P = 0.003). However, the −Leu and −Arg treatments had lower milk yield (6.3%, P = 0.058 and 5.7%, P = 0.073, respectively), milk protein yield (8.8%, P = 0.010 and 8.2%, P = 0.011, respectively) and the contents of αS1-CN (7.3%, P = 0.057 and 8.4%, P = 0.026, respectively), β-CN (4.2%, P = 0.033 and 3.8%, P = 0.048, respectively) and κ-CN (5.8%, P = 0.023 and 7.6%, P = 0.003, respectively) than those of the CSN treatment. Milk lactose yield (5.9%, P = 0.076) tended to decrease when Leu was removed from amino acid mixture infusate. In conclusion, the supply of casein profile can increase milk production in dairy cows, but a deficiency of Leu or Arg had negative effects on milk yield and milk protein yield.
机译：这项研究的目的是确定颈静脉输注平衡或不平衡的氨基酸混合物对奶牛产奶量和组成的影响。将八头哺乳中期的荷斯坦奶牛随机分配至5 d连续颈静脉输注盐水（CTL），根据酪蛋白（CSN，160 g / d）配制的必需氨基酸（EAA）混合物，不包括亮氨酸（Leu）的EAA混合物）（-Leu，163 g / d）或除精氨酸（Arg）（-Arg，158 g / d）以外的EAA混合物，采用重复的4×4拉丁方设计，其中4个输注期间隔为7-d间隔期。基础饲料是根据NRC（2001）由玉米籽粒，豆粕，棉籽粕，玉米青贮饲料，苜蓿干草和野草草干草配制而成的，可提供1.6卡路里的泌乳净能（NEL）和94.4克可代谢蛋白（MP）每千克干物质（DM）满足泌乳要求。结果表明，氨基酸混合物的注入不会影响干物质摄入量（DMI）和正常生理状态。与CTL处理相比，CSN处理增加了牛奶产量（14.9％，P <0.001），牛奶乳糖产量（14.5％，P = 0.001），牛奶脂肪产量（16.6％，P = 0.01），牛奶蛋白产量（18.2％） ，P ＜0.001）和αS1-酪蛋白（αS1-CN，11.8％，P ＝ 0.007），β-酪蛋白（β-CN，4.2％，P ＝ 0.035）和κ-酪蛋白（κ-CN，8.5）的含量％，P ＝ 0.003）。但是，-Leu和-Arg处理的牛奶产量较低（分别为6.3％，P = 0.058和5.7％，P = 0.073），牛奶蛋白质产量较低（分别为8.8％，P = 0.010和8.2％，P = 0.011） ），αS1-CN（分别为7.3％，P = 0.057和8.4％，P = 0.026），β-CN（分别为4.2％，P = 0.033和3.8％，P = 0.048）和κ-CN的含量（分别为5.8％，P = 0.023和7.6％， P = 0.003）。从氨基酸混合物灌输液中去除Leu后，牛奶乳糖收率（5.9％， P = 0.076）趋于降低。总之，酪蛋白谱的供应可以增加奶牛的产奶量，但是Leu或Arg的缺乏会对产奶量和产奶蛋白产生负面影响。

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