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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>American Journal of Epidemiology >Effectiveness of Mandatory Alcohol Testing Programs in Reducing Alcohol Involvement in Fatal Motor Carrier Crashes
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Effectiveness of Mandatory Alcohol Testing Programs in Reducing Alcohol Involvement in Fatal Motor Carrier Crashes

机译：强制性酒精测试程序在减少致命的机动车运输工具碰撞中的酒精摄入方面的有效性

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Mandatory alcohol testing programs for motor carrier drivers were implemented in the United States in 1995 and have not been adequately evaluated. Using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System during 1982–2006, the authors assessed the effectiveness of mandatory alcohol testing programs in reducing alcohol involvement in fatal motor carrier crashes. The study sample consisted of 69,295 motor carrier drivers and 83,436 non–motor-carrier drivers who were involved in 66,138 fatal multivehicle crashes. Overall, 2.7% of the motor carrier drivers and 19.4% of the non–motor-carrier drivers had positive blood alcohol concentrations. During the study period, the prevalence of alcohol involvement in fatal crashes decreased by 80% among motor carrier drivers and 41% among non–motor-carrier drivers. With adjustment for driver age, sex, history of driving while intoxicated, and survival status, implementation of the mandatory alcohol testing programs was found to be associated with a 23% reduced risk of alcohol involvement in fatal crashes by motor carrier drivers (odds ratio = 0.77, 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 0.94). Results from this study indicate that mandatory alcohol testing programs may have contributed to a significant reduction in alcohol involvement in fatal motor carrier crashes.
机译：1995年在美国实施了针对机动车辆驾驶员的强制性酒精测试计划，但尚未得到充分评估。作者使用1982-2006年间的致命性分析报告系统中的数据，作者评估了强制性酒精测试计划在减少酒精对致命的机动车运输工具碰撞中的影响的有效性。该研究样本包括69,295辆机动车驾驶员和83,436辆非机动车驾驶员，他们参与了66138起致命的多辆车事故。总体而言，2.7％的电动汽车驾驶员和19.4％的非电动汽车驾驶员的血液酒精浓度均为正值。在研究期间，酒精引起的致命事故的发生率在机动车驾驶员中下降了80％，在非机动车驾驶员中下降了41％。通过对驾驶员年龄，性别，酒后驾驶历史和生存状况进行调整，发现执行强制性酒精测试计划可以将酒精引起的致命危险降低23％，从而使驾驶员遭受致命性撞车（比值= 0.77，95％置信区间：0.62，0.94）。这项研究的结果表明，强制性酒精检测程序可能有助于减少致命的机动运输工具碰撞中的酒精摄入。

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