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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Nematology >The effects of Brassica green manures on plant parasitic and free living nematodes used in combination with reduced rates of synthetic nematicides
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The effects of Brassica green manures on plant parasitic and free living nematodes used in combination with reduced rates of synthetic nematicides

机译：芸苔绿肥对植物寄生线虫和自由生活线虫的影响同时降低了合成杀线虫剂的用量

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Brassica plants once incorporated into soil as green manures have recently been shown to have biofumigant properties and have the potential of controlling plant-parasitic nematodes. In Washington State, plant-parasitic nematodes are successfully managed with synthetic nematicides. However, some of the synthetic nematicides became unavailable recently or their supply is limited leaving growers with few choices to control plant-parasitic nematodes. The objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of Brassica green manures on their own and in combination with reduced rates of synthetic nematicides on plant-parasitic nematodes and free living nematodes. In a greenhouse experiment and field trials in three seasons, Brassica green manures in combination with half the recommended rate of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D, Telone) reduced root knot nematode, Meloidogyne chitwoodi to below detection levels, and reduced lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus penetrans and stubby root nematodes, Paratrichodorus allius, to below economic thresholds. The combination treatments did not affect the beneficial free-living nematode populations and the non-pathogenic Pseudomonas. The total cost of growing and soil-incorporating Brassica crops as green manures in combination with reduced rates of 1,3-D was approximately 35% lower than the present commercial costs for application for the full rate of this fumigant. Integrating conventional management practices with novel techniques fosters sustainability of production systems and can increase economic benefit to producers while reducing chemical input.
机译：芸苔属植物曾经作为绿肥掺入土壤，最近被证明具有生物熏蒸特性，并具有控制植物寄生线虫的潜力。在华盛顿州，可以使用合成杀线虫剂成功处理植物寄生线虫。然而，一些合成杀线虫剂最近变得不可用或它们的供应受到限制，使种植者几乎没有选择来控制植物寄生线虫。该项目的目的是评估芸苔属绿肥本身的作用，并结合降低的合成杀线虫剂对植物寄生线虫和自由生活线虫的影响来评估。在三个季节的温室试验和田间试验中，芸苔绿肥与建议的1,3-二氯丙烯（1,3-D，Telone）推荐比例的一半相结合，将根结线虫，Meloidogyne chitwoodi降至检测水平以下，并减少了病虫害线虫，Prattylenchus penetrans和短茎根线虫Paratrichodorus allius，均低于经济阈值。联合治疗不影响有益的自由生活线虫种群和非致病性假单胞菌。芸苔属植物作为绿色肥料种植和掺入土壤的总成本与1,3-D降低的比例相比，目前为全部熏蒸剂施用的商业成本低约35％。将常规管理实践与新颖技术相结合，可以提高生产系统的可持续性，并可以在减少化学品投入的同时，提高生产商的经济利益。

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