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Capturing genetic variation in crop wild relatives: An evolutionary approach

机译:捕获农作物野生亲缘种的遗传变异:一种进化方法

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摘要

Crop wild relatives (CWRs) offer novel genetic resources for crop improvement. To assist in the urgent need to collect and conserve CWR germplasm, we advance here the concept of an “evolutionary” approach. Central to this approach is the predictive use of spatial proxies of evolutionary processes (natural selection, gene flow and genetic drift) to locate and capture genetic variation. As a means to help validate this concept, we screened wild‐collected genotypes of woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) in a common garden. A quantitative genetic approach was then used to test the ability of two such proxies—mesoclimatic variation (a proxy of natural selection) and landscape isolation and geographic distance between populations (proxies of gene flow potential)—to predict spatial genetic variation in three quantitative traits (plant size, early season flower number and flower frost tolerance). Our results indicated a significant but variable effect of mesoclimatic conditions in structuring genetic variation in the wild, in addition to other undetermined regional scale processes. As a proxy of gene flow potential, landscape isolation was also a likely determinant of observed patterns—as opposed to, and regardless of, geographic distance between populations. We conclude that harnessing proxies of adaptive and nonadaptive evolutionary processes could provide a robust and valuable means to identify genetic variation in CWRs. We thus advocate wider use and development of this approach amongst researchers, breeders and practitioners, to expedite the capture and in situ conservation of genetic resources provided by crop wild relatives.
机译:作物野生近缘种(CWR)为作物改良提供了新颖的遗传资源。为了满足收集和保存CWR种质的紧急需求,我们在这里提出“进化”方法的概念。这种方法的核心是预测性使用进化过程的空间代理(自然选择,基因流和遗传漂移)来定位和捕获遗传变异。为了帮助验证这一概念,我们在一个公共花园中筛选了野生收集的林地草莓基因型(草莓)。然后,采用定量遗传方法来测试两个这样的代理的能力-预测气候定量(自然选择的代理)和景观隔离以及种群之间的地理距离(基因流潜力的代理)-预测三种定量性状的空间遗传变异。 (植物大小,早季花数和花霜抗性)。我们的结果表明,除其他不确定的区域规模过程外,中气候条件在构造野生遗传变异中具有显着但可变的作用。作为基因流动潜能的替代,景观隔离也可能是观察到的模式的决定因素,与种群之间的地理距离相反,而不论种群之间的地理距离如何。我们得出的结论是,利用适应性和非适应性进化过程的代理可以提供一种强大且有价值的方法来鉴定CWR中的遗传变异。因此,我们提倡在研究人员,育种人员和从业人员中广泛使用和发展这种方法,以加快农作物野生近缘种提供的遗传资源的捕获和就地保护。

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