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A Pilot STEM Curriculum Designed to Teach High School Students Concepts in Biochemical Engineering and Pharmacology

机译：旨在向高中生教授生化工程和药理学概念的STEM试验课程

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The creation of technology that affords for the design of artificial enzymes is a new branch of biochemical engineering with the objective to solve the looming global catastrophe including food shortages, energy crisis, novel diseases, climate change and environmental degradation. However, the development of science and technology that will lead to the design of artificial enzymes depends on availability of scientists with a broad range of expertise including chemistry and physics of chemical bonding, structural biochemistry of macromolecular interactions, theoretical physics and mathematics with the focus on computer modeling of dynamic docking of macromolecules. Our previous experience in university STEM education led us to conclude that in order to train future scientists with a broad expertise in STEM, it is critical for high school students to learn interdisciplinary concepts of STEM courses at an earlier age. In this article, we describe the first phase of a STEM project that involved introducing students to STEM curriculum designed to steer high school students’ interest towards biochemical engineering and pharmacology. In addition, we present the outline of the STEM curriculum, along with user-friendly tutorials of AutoDock Vina, AutoDock Tools and PyMol programs thatwe designed to teach secondary STEM students computer modeling and docking ofmacromolecules. STEM high school students performed multiple exercises tounderstand how the potential pharmacological agents, cardiotoxins from cobravenom, interact with mitochondrial phospholipids in order to gain a deepunderstanding of elevated biophysical and biochemical concepts in protein druginteractions with biomembranes. We also present the results of evaluativeassessments that tested students’ knowledge and skills that studentsgained following the completion of our pilot STEM course. In brief, theassessment results showed that the students successfully acquired a high levelof understanding in structural biophysics and biochemistry. Importantly, thispaper provides strong proof-of-concept that our pilot STEM curriculum can besuccessfully integrated in the traditional American and Chinese high schoolclassroom. The curriculum and tutorials presented in this article could be usedby college and high school teachers and students in STEM classes and to supportundergraduate university courses in Pharmacology, Inorganic and OrganicChemistry, Biochemistry and Structural Biology for classroom instructions andhomework assignments.
机译：为人造酶设计提供技术的创造是生化工程的一个新分支，其目标是解决迫在眉睫的全球灾难，包括粮食短缺，能源危机，新型疾病，气候变化和环境退化。但是，导致人工酶设计的科学技术的发展取决于拥有广泛专业知识的科学家的可用性，包括化学键合的化学和物理学，大分子相互作用的结构生物化学，理论物理和数学，重点是大分子动态对接的计算机建模。我们以前在大学STEM教育中的经验使我们得出结论，为了培养具有STEM广泛专业知识的未来科学家，对于高中学生而言，更早地学习STEM课程的跨学科概念至关重要。在本文中，我们描述了STEM项目的第一阶段，其中涉及向学生介绍STEM课程，旨在引导高中生对生化工程和药理学的兴趣。此外，我们还介绍了STEM课程的大纲，以及AutoDock Vina，AutoDock Tools和PyMol程序的用户友好教程，我们旨在教STEM中学生计算机建模和对接大分子。 STEM高中学生进行了多次练习以了解眼镜蛇的潜在药理剂，心毒素毒液，与线粒体磷脂相互作用以获得更深的对蛋白质药物中更高的生物物理和生化概念的理解与生物膜的相互作用。我们还介绍了评估结果评估学生的知识和技能的评估完成了我们的STEM试点课程后获得的收益。简而言之，评估结果表明，学生成功获得了很高的水平对结构生物物理学和生物化学的理解。重要的是本文提供了强有力的概念证明，即我们的STEM试点课程可以成功融入美国和中国传统中学课堂。可以使用本文介绍的课程和教程由大学和高中教师和学生参加STEM课程并提供支持药理学，无机和有机大学本科课程化学，生物化学和结构生物学，用于课堂教学和作业。

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