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Numerical Simulation of Airway Dimension Effects on Airflow Patterns and Odorant Deposition Patterns in the Rat Nasal Cavity

机译：气道尺寸对大鼠鼻腔气流模式和异味沉积模式影响的数值模拟

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摘要

The sense of smell is largely dependent on the airflow and odorant transport in the nasal cavity, which in turn depends on the anatomical structure of the nose. In order to evaluate the effect of airway dimension on rat nasal airflow patterns and odorant deposition patterns, we constructed two 3-dimensional, anatomically accurate models of the left nasal cavity of a Sprague-Dawley rat: one was based on high-resolution MRI images with relatively narrow airways and the other was based on artificially-widening airways of the MRI images by referencing the section images with relatively wide airways. Airflow and odorant transport, in the two models, were determined using the method of computational fluid dynamics with finite volume method. The results demonstrated that an increase of 34 µm in nasal airway dimension significantly decreased the average velocity in the whole nasal cavity by about 10% and in the olfactory region by about 12% and increased the volumetric flow into the olfactory region by about 3%. Odorant deposition was affected to a larger extent, especially in the olfactory region, where the maximum odorant deposition difference reached one order of magnitude. The results suggest that a more accurate nasal cavity model is necessary in order to more precisely study the olfactory function of the nose when using the rat.
机译：嗅觉在很大程度上取决于鼻腔中的气流和气味的传输，而嗅觉的传输又取决于鼻子的解剖结构。为了评估气道尺寸对大鼠鼻气流模式和气味沉积物模式的影响，我们构建了Sprague-Dawley大鼠左鼻腔的两个3维解剖学准确的模型：一个基于高分辨率MRI图像气管相对狭窄，另一种是通过参考气管相对较宽的断面图像，基于MRI图像的人工增宽气道。在两个模型中，使用计算流体动力学的有限体积方法确定了气流和气味的传输。结果表明，鼻气道尺寸增加34 µm会使整个鼻腔的平均速度降低约10％，嗅觉区域的平均速度降低约12％，流入嗅觉区域的体积流量增加约3％。气味的沉积受到较大程度的影响，尤其是在嗅觉区域，其中最大的气味沉积差异达到一个数量级。结果表明，为了更精确地研究使用大鼠时鼻子的嗅觉功能，需要更准确的鼻腔模型。

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